Ââåäåí

Ïîñòàíîâëåíèåì

Ãîññòàíäàðòà Ðîññèè

îò 12 íîÿáðÿ 2002 ã. N 409-ñò

 

Äàòà ââåäåíèÿ -

1 ÿíâàðÿ 2004 ãîäà

 

ÌÅÆÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅÍÍÛÉ ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒ

 

ÂÎÄÀ È ÂÎÄÎÏÎÄÃÎÒÎÂÊÀ

 

ÒÅÐÌÈÍÛ È ÎÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÈß

 

WATER AND WATER-PREPARATION.

TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

 

ÃÎÑÒ 30813-2002

 

Ïðåäèñëîâèå

 

1. Ðàçðàáîòàí Òåõíè÷åñêèì êîìèòåòîì ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè ÒÊ 343 "Êà÷åñòâî âîäû" (ÂÍÈÈ-ñòàíäàðò, Íàó÷íî-èññëåäîâàòåëüñêèé èíñòèòóò ýêîëîãèè ÷åëîâåêà è ãèãèåíû îêðóæàþùåé ñðåäû èì. À.Í. Ñûñèíà, Ôåäåðàëüíûé öåíòð Ãîññàíýïèäíàäçîðà Ðîññèè, ÀÖ "Ðîñà", ÃÓÏ "Öåíòð èññëåäîâàíèÿ è êîíòðîëÿ âîäû", ÎÎÎ "Ëþìýêñ", Íàó÷íî-èññëåäîâàòåëüñêèé èíñòèòóò êîììóíàëüíîãî âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ è î÷èñòêè âîäû, Íèæåãîðîäñêèé öåíòð ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè, ìåòðîëîãèè è ñåðòèôèêàöèè, ÃÔÓÏ Âñåðîññèéñêèé íàó÷íî-èññëåäîâàòåëüñêèé èíñòèòóò ãèäðîãåîëîãèè è èíæåíåðíîé ãåîëîãèè, Ôåäåðàëüíûé íàó÷íûé öåíòð ãèãèåíû èì. Ô.Ô. Ýðèñìàíà).

Âíåñåí Ãîññòàíäàðòîì Ðîññèè.

2. Ïðèíÿò Ìåæãîñóäàðñòâåííûì Ñîâåòîì ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè, ìåòðîëîãèè è ñåðòèôèêàöèè (ïðîòîêîë N 21 îò 30 ìàÿ 2002 ã.)

Çà ïðèíÿòèå ïðîãîëîñîâàëè:

 

┌──────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Íàèìåíîâàíèå ãîñóäàðñòâà │  Íàèìåíîâàíèå íàöèîíàëüíîãî îðãàíà 

                                    ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè         

├──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────┤

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Àðìåíèÿ        │Àðìãîññòàíäàðò                      

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Êàçàõñòàí      │Ãîññòàíäàðò Ðåñïóáëèêè Êàçàõñòàí    

│Êûðãûçñêàÿ Ðåñïóáëèêà     │Êûðãûçñòàíäàðò                      

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Ìîëäîâà        │Ìîëäîâàñòàíäàðò                     

│Ðîññèéñêàÿ Ôåäåðàöèÿ      │Ãîññòàíäàðò Ðîññèè                  

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Òàäæèêèñòàí    │Òàäæèêñòàíäàðò                      

│Òóðêìåíèñòàí              │Ãëàâãîññëóæáà "Òóðêìåíñòàíäàðòëàðû" 

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Óçáåêèñòàí     │Óçãîññòàíäàðò                       

└──────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────┘

 

3. Íàñòîÿùèé ñòàíäàðò ñîäåðæèò òåðìèíû, ïðåäóñìîòðåííûå â ÈÑÎ 6107-1-8:1996 "Êà÷åñòâî âîäû. Ñëîâàðü", ñ óòî÷íåíèÿìè è äîïîëíåíèÿìè, îòðàæàþùèìè ïðàêòèêó â îáëàñòè âîäîïîäãîòîâêè.

4. Ïîñòàíîâëåíèåì Ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî êîìèòåòà ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè è ìåòðîëîãèè îò 12 íîÿáðÿ 2002 ã. N 409-ñò ìåæãîñóäàðñòâåííûé ñòàíäàðò ÃÎÑÒ 30813-2002 ââåäåí â äåéñòâèå íåïîñðåäñòâåííî â êà÷åñòâå ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî ñòàíäàðòà Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè ñ 1 ÿíâàðÿ 2004 ã.

5. Ââåäåí âïåðâûå.

 

Ââåäåíèå

 

Óñòàíîâëåííûå â ñòàíäàðòå òåðìèíû ðàñïîëîæåíû â ñèñòåìàòèçèðîâàííîì ïîðÿäêå, îòðàæàþùåì ñèñòåìó ïîíÿòèé â îáëàñòè âîäíûõ îáúåêòîâ, îòáîðà ïðîá, âîäîïîäãîòîâêè, îáîðóäîâàíèÿ è ìàòåðèàëîâ äëÿ âîäîïîäãîòîâêè, ñèñòåì ïèòüåâîãî âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ, à òàêæå ôèçèêî-õèìè÷åñêèõ è áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ïîêàçàòåëåé êà÷åñòâà âîäû.

Äëÿ êàæäîãî ïîíÿòèÿ óñòàíîâëåí îäèí ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûé òåðìèí.

Ïðèâåäåííûå îïðåäåëåíèÿ ìîæíî, ïðè íåîáõîäèìîñòè, èçìåíèòü, ââîäÿ â íèõ ïðîèçâîäíûå ïðèçíàêè, ðàñêðûâàÿ çíà÷åíèÿ èñïîëüçóåìûõ â íèõ òåðìèíîâ, óêàçûâàÿ îáúåêòû, âõîäÿùèå â îáúåì îïðåäåëÿåìîãî ïîíÿòèÿ. Èçìåíåíèÿ íå äîëæíû íàðóøàòü îáúåì è ñîäåðæàíèå ïîíÿòèé, îïðåäåëåííûõ â äàííîì ñòàíäàðòå.

 ñòàíäàðòå ïðèâåäåíû èíîÿçû÷íûå ýêâèâàëåíòû ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûõ òåðìèíîâ íà íåìåöêîì (de), àíãëèéñêîì (en) è ôðàíöóçñêîì (fr) ÿçûêàõ.

Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ ïîíÿòèé, íåîáõîäèìûå äëÿ ïîíèìàíèÿ òåêñòà ñòàíäàðòà, ïðèâåäåíû â Ïðèëîæåíèè À.

Ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûå òåðìèíû íàáðàíû ïîëóæèðíûì øðèôòîì, èõ êðàòêèå ôîðìû, â òîì ÷èñëå àááðåâèàòóðû, - ñâåòëûì.

 òåêñòå ñòàíäàðòà îòäåëüíûå òåðìèíû ïîìå÷åíû çíàêàìè *, **:

* - òåðìèí ââåäåí äîïîëíèòåëüíî ê ÈÑÎ 6107-1-8:1996;

** - òåðìèí è (èëè) åãî îïðåäåëåíèå óòî÷íåíû ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê ïðèâåäåííûì â ÈÑÎ 6107-1-8:1996.

 

1. Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ

 

Íàñòîÿùèé ñòàíäàðò óñòàíàâëèâàåò îñíîâíûå òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ ïîíÿòèé â îáëàñòè âîäíûõ îáúåêòîâ, âîäîïîäãîòîâêè, ãèäðîòåõíèêè, âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ, êàíàëèçàöèè, à òàêæå ïîêàçàòåëåé êà÷åñòâà âîäû.

Òåðìèíû, óñòàíîâëåííûå íàñòîÿùèì ñòàíäàðòîì, îáÿçàòåëüíû äëÿ ïðèìåíåíèÿ âî âñåõ âèäàõ äîêóìåíòàöèè è ëèòåðàòóðû, âõîäÿùèõ â ñôåðó ðàáîò ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè è/èëè èñïîëüçóþùèõ ðåçóëüòàòû ýòèõ ðàáîò.

Íàñòîÿùèé ñòàíäàðò ñëåäóåò ïðèìåíÿòü ñîâìåñòíî ñî ñòàíäàðòàìè: ÃÎÑÒ 17.1.1.01; ÃÎÑÒ 19179; ÃÎÑÒ 19185; ÃÎÑÒ 25150; ÃÎÑÒ 25151; ÃÎÑÒ 26966; ÃÎÑÒ 27065.

 

2. Íîðìàòèâíûå ññûëêè

 

 íàñòîÿùåì ñòàíäàðòå èñïîëüçîâàíû ññûëêè íà ñëåäóþùèå ñòàíäàðòû:

ÃÎÑÒ 17.1.1.01-77. Îõðàíà ïðèðîäû. Ãèäðîñôåðà. Èñïîëüçîâàíèå è îõðàíà âîä. Îñíîâíûå òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ

ÃÎÑÒ 19179-73. Ãèäðîëîãèÿ ñóøè. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ

ÃÎÑÒ 19185-73. Ãèäðîòåõíèêà. Îñíîâíûå ïîíÿòèÿ. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ

ÃÎÑÒ 25150-82. Êàíàëèçàöèÿ. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ

ÃÎÑÒ 25151-82. Âîäîñíàáæåíèå. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ

ÃÎÑÒ 26966-86. Ñîîðóæåíèÿ âîäîçàáîðíûå, âîäîñáðîñíûå è çàòâîðû. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ

ÃÎÑÒ 27065-86. Êà÷åñòâî âîä. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ.

 

3. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ

 

ÎÁÙÈÅ ÏÎÍßÒÈß

 

    1* ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÅ ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈÅ: Äåÿòåëüíîñòü,  en   drinking water supply

íàïðàâëåííàÿ íà îáåñïå÷åíèå ïîòðåáèòåëåé

ïèòüåâîé âîäîé, âêëþ÷àþùàÿ â ñåáÿ âûáîð,

îõðàíó èñòî÷íèêîâ è ñîîðóæåíèé

âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ, ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå,

ñòðîèòåëüñòâî, ýêñïëóàòàöèþ ñèñòåì

âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ, çàáîð, ïîäãîòîâêó, õðàíåíèå,

ïîäà÷ó ê ìåñòàì ïîòðåáëåíèÿ è ðåàëèçàöèþ

ïèòüåâîé âîäû

 

    2* ÃÈÃÈÅÍÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÍÎÐÌÀÒÈÂÛ ÊÀ×ÅÑÒÂÀ

ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÉ ÂÎÄÛ: Ñîâîêóïíîñòü íàó÷íî

îáîñíîâàííûõ è óñòàíîâëåííûõ ñàíèòàðíûìè

ïðàâèëàìè ïðåäåëüíî äîïóñòèìûõ çíà÷åíèé

ïîêàçàòåëåé îðãàíîëåïòè÷åñêèõ ñâîéñòâ,

ñîäåðæàíèÿ õèìè÷åñêèõ âåùåñòâ è

ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ â ïèòüåâîé âîäå,

ãàðàíòèðóþùèõ áåçîïàñíîñòü è áåçâðåäíîñòü

ïèòüåâîé âîäû äëÿ æèçíè è çäîðîâüÿ ÷åëîâåêà

íåçàâèñèìî îò ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòè åå

èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ

 

    3** ÏÈÒÜÅÂÀß ÂÎÄÀ: Âîäà, ïî êà÷åñòâó â    de   trinkbares Wasser

åñòåñòâåííîì ñîñòîÿíèè èëè ïîñëå ïîäãîòîâêè   en   drinking water

îòâå÷àþùàÿ ãèãèåíè÷åñêèì íîðìàòèâàì è         fr   eau de boisson

ïðåäíàçíà÷åííàÿ äëÿ óäîâëåòâîðåíèÿ ïèòüåâûõ

è áûòîâûõ ïîòðåáíîñòåé ÷åëîâåêà ëèáî äëÿ

ïðîèçâîäñòâà ïðîäóêöèè, ïîòðåáëÿåìîé

÷åëîâåêîì

 

    4** ÌÈÍÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÂÎÄÀ: Ïðèðîäíàÿ           de   Mineralwasser

ïîäçåìíàÿ âîäà, õàðàêòåðèçóþùàÿñÿ ïîñòîÿííûì  en   mineral water

èîííî-ñîëåâûì ñîñòàâîì, ñîäåðæàíèåì           fr   eau minerale

áèîëîãè÷åñêè àêòèâíûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ è

ñïåöèôè÷åñêèìè ñâîéñòâàìè.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ìèíåðàëüíûå âîäû ÷àùå âñåãî

îáëàäàþò ïîâûøåííûì ñîëåñîäåðæàíèåì è ìîãóò

îáëàäàòü ëå÷åáíûì äåéñòâèåì.

 

    5* ÏÎÄÇÅÌÍÀß ÂÎÄÀ: Âîäà, â òîì ÷èñëå

ìèíåðàëüíàÿ, íàõîäÿùàÿñÿ â ïîäçåìíûõ âîäíûõ

îáúåêòàõ

 

    6* ÀÐÒÅÇÈÀÍÑÊÀß ÂÎÄÀ: Íàïîðíàÿ ïîäçåìíàÿ

âîäà, çàêëþ÷åííàÿ â ãëóáîêèõ âîäîíîñíûõ

ïëàñòàõ ìåæäó âîäîíåïðîíèöàåìûìè ñëîÿìè

 

    7* ÌÎÐÑÊÀß ÂÎÄÀ: Âîäà, ñîñðåäîòî÷åííàÿ â

ìîðÿõ è îêåàíàõ

 

    8 ÄÎÆÄÅÂÀß ÂÎÄÀ: Âîäà, îáðàçîâàííàÿ èç    de   Regenwasser

àòìîñôåðíûõ îñàäêîâ, â êîòîðóþ åùå íå         en   rain water

ïîñòóïèëè ðàñòâîðèìûå âåùåñòâà èç             fr   eau de pluie

ïîâåðõíîñòíîãî ñëîÿ çåìëè

 

                              ÂÎÄÍÛÅ ÎÁÚÅÊÒÛ

 

    9* ÈÑÒÎ×ÍÈÊ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃÎ ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß:

Âîäíûé îáúåêò (èëè åãî ÷àñòü), êîòîðûé

ñîäåðæèò âîäó, îòâå÷àþùóþ óñòàíîâëåííûì

ãèãèåíè÷åñêèì íîðìàòèâàì äëÿ èñòî÷íèêîâ

ïèòüåâîãî âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ, è èñïîëüçóåòñÿ èëè

ìîæåò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàí äëÿ çàáîðà âîäû â

ñèñòåìû ïèòüåâîãî âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ

 

    10 ÐÎÄÍÈÊ: Åñòåñòâåííûé ñîñðåäîòî÷åííûé   de   Quelle

âûõîä ïîäçåìíîé âîäû íà ïîâåðõíîñòü çåìëè     en   spring

                                              fr   source

 

    11 ÐÓ×ÅÉ: Íåáîëüøîé âîäîòîê,              de   Bach

îáðàçîâàííûé ñíåãîâûìè, äîæäåâûìè âîäàìè, à   en   stream

òàêæå âûõîäÿùèìè íà ïîâåðõíîñòü ïîäçåìíûìè    fr   cours d'eau

âîäàìè

 

    12** ÌÎÐÅ: Êðóïíûé åñòåñòâåííûé âîäîåì,   de   Meer

ÿâëÿþùèéñÿ ÷àñòüþ îêåàíà, îáîñîáëåííûé        en   sea

ñóøåé èëè âîçâûøåíèÿìè ïîäâîäíîãî ðåëüåôà     fr   mer

è îòëè÷àþùèéñÿ îò îêåàíà ôèçèêî-

ãåîãðàôè÷åñêèìè îñîáåííîñòÿìè

 

    13** ÑÒÐÀÒÈÔÈÊÀÖÈß ÂÎÄÍÎÃÎ ÎÁÚÅÊÒÀ:       de   Schichtung

Íàëè÷èå âíóòðè âîäíîé ìàññû ñëîåâ,            en   stratification

õàðàêòåðèçóþùèõñÿ ðàçíîé ïëîòíîñòüþ,          fr   stratification

òåìïåðàòóðîé, ñîëåñîäåðæàíèåì, à òàêæå

ðàçíûì ñîäåðæàíèåì êèñëîðîäà èëè áèîãåííûõ

ýëåìåíòîâ

 

    14** ÄÅÑÒÐÀÒÈÔÈÊÀÖÈß ÂÎÄÍÎÃÎ ÎÁÚÅÊÒÀ:     de   Destratifizierung

Ïåðåìåøèâàíèå ñëîåâ âîäû â âîäîåìå èëè        en   destratification

ðåçåðâóàðå, ïðèâîäÿùåå ê óñòðàíåíèþ           fr   destratification

ñòðàòèôèêàöèè

 

    15* ÒÐÎÔÍÎÑÒÜ ÂÎÄÍÎÃÎ ÎÁÚÅÊÒÀ:            de   troph

Õàðàêòåðèñòèêà ïðîäóêöèîííûõ ñâîéñòâ âîäíîãî  en   trophic

îáúåêòà.                                      fr   trophe

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå -  ïîðÿäêå óâåëè÷åíèÿ

ïðîäóêöèîííûõ ñâîéñòâ âûäåëÿþò òðè òèïà

âîäíûõ îáúåêòîâ: îëèãî-, ìåçî- è åâòðîôíûå.

 

                              ÂÎÄÎÏÎÄÃÎÒÎÂÊÀ

 

    16** ÔÈËÜÒÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ: Îòäåëåíèå         de   Filtration

ïðèìåñåé, ÷àñòåé èëè ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ îò âîäû  en   filtration

÷åðåç ñëîé ïîðèñòîãî ìàòåðèàëà èëè ñåòêó      fr   filtration

 

    17** ÌÅÌÁÐÀÍÍÎÅ ÔÈËÜÒÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ:        de   Membranfiltration

Ôèëüòðîâàíèå âîäû ÷åðåç ìåìáðàííûé ôèëüòð     en   membrane filtration

                                              fr   filtration sur membrane

 

    18 ÄÈÑÒÈËËßÖÈß ÂÎÄÛ: Ïðîöåññ âûïàðèâàíèÿ  de   Destillation

è êîíäåíñàöèè, èñïîëüçóåìûé äëÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ     en   distillation

âîäû âûñîêîé ñòåïåíè ÷èñòîòû                  fr   distillation

 

    19 ÄÅÈÎÍÈÇÀÖÈß ÂÎÄÛ: Óìåíüøåíèå           de   Entionisierung

ñîäåðæàíèÿ èîíîâ â âîäå                       en   deionization

                                              fr   deionisation

 

    20 ÕËÎÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ: Îáåççàðàæèâàíèå     de   Chlorung

âîäû ïóòåì äîáàâëåíèÿ â âîäó õëîðà èëè åãî    en   chlorination

ñîåäèíåíèé, îáðàçóþùèõ õëîðíîâàòèñòóþ         fr   chloration

êèñëîòó èëè ãèïîõëîðèò-èîíû

 

    21** ÃÈÏÅÐÕËÎÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ:              de   Stosschlorung

Õëîðèðîâàíèå âîäû ïîâûøåííûìè äîçàìè õëîðà    en   superchlorination

                                              fr   surchloration

 

    22 ÄÅÕËÎÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ: Óìåíüøåíèå        de   Entchlorung

ñîäåðæàíèÿ îñòàòî÷íîãî õëîðà â âîäå           en   dechlorination

                                              fr   dechloration

 

    23** ÀÌÌÎÍÈÇÀÖÈß ÂÎÄÛ: Ïðîöåññ            de   Aminierung

äîáàâëåíèÿ àììèàêà ïðè âîäîïîäãîòîâêå         en   ammonization

                                              fr   ammoniation

 

    24 ÎÇÎÍÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ: Èñïîëüçîâàíèå       de   Ozonisierung

îçîíà â ïðîöåññå âîäîïîäãîòîâêè äëÿ           en   ozonization

îáåççàðàæèâàíèÿ âîäû è óëó÷øåíèÿ åå           fr   ozonisation

îðãàíîëåïòè÷åñêèõ ñâîéñòâ

 

                ÎÁÎÐÓÄÎÂÀÍÈÅ È ÌÀÒÅÐÈÀËÛ ÄËß ÂÎÄÎÏÎÄÃÎÒÎÂÊÈ

 

    25** ÔËÎÊÓËßÍÒ: Âåùåñòâî, âûçûâàþùåå      de   Flockungshilfsmittel

èíòåíñèâíîå îáðàçîâàíèå ðûõëûõ õëîïüåâèäíûõ   en   flocculation aid

àãðåãàòîâ â ðåçóëüòàòå àãëîìåðàöèè            fr   adjuvant de floculation

íàõîäÿùèõñÿ â âîäå ìåëêèõ âçâåøåííûõ ÷àñòèö

 

    26 ÈÎÍÎÎÁÌÅÍÍÛÉ ÌÀÒÅÐÈÀË: Ìàòåðèàë,       de   Ionenaustauschmaterial

ñïîñîáíûé ê îñóùåñòâëåíèþ îáðàòèìîãî îáìåíà   en   ion-exchange material

èîíîâ ìåæäó ñîáîé è êîíòàêòèðóþùåé âîäîé      fr   matiere echangeuse

                                                   d'ions

 

    27 ÇÎÎÃËÅÉÍÀß ÏËÅÍÊÀ: Êëåéêàÿ             de   Zoogloenfilm

áèîëîãè÷åñêàÿ ïëåíêà, ñîäåðæàùàÿ áàêòåðèè     en   zoogloeal film

ðîäà Zoogloea, ïðîñòåéøèå è ãðèáû,            fr   film de zooglee

ïîêðûâàþùàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòè ýêñïëóàòèðóåìûõ

ïåñ÷àíûõ è áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ôèëüòðîâ èëè

âíóòðåííèå ïîâåðõíîñòè êàíàëèçàöèîííûõ òðóá

 

    28* ÂÎÄÎÎ×ÈÑÒÍÛÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÀ: Òåõíè÷åñêèå

èçäåëèÿ, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûå äëÿ î÷èñòêè,

äîî÷èñòêè, îáåççàðàæèâàíèÿ âîäû ñ öåëüþ

óëó÷øèòü åå êà÷åñòâî äëÿ ïèòüåâûõ è áûòîâûõ

íóæä ÷åëîâåêà

 

    29* ÁÛÒÎÂÛÅ ÂÎÄÎÎ×ÈÑÒÍÛÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÀ:

Âîäîî÷èñòíûå óñòðîéñòâà, ýêñïëóàòèðóåìûå è

îáñëóæèâàåìûå ñàìèìè ïîòðåáèòåëÿìè

 

                      ÑÈÑÒÅÌÛ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃÎ ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß

 

    30* ÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈÇÎÂÀÍÍÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃΠ   en   centralization system

ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß: Êîìïëåêñ óñòðîéñòâ,                 of drinking water supply

ñîîðóæåíèé è òðóáîïðîâîäîâ, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûõ

äëÿ çàáîðà, ïîäãîòîâêè èëè áåç íåå,

õðàíåíèÿ, ïîäà÷è ê ìåñòàì ïîòðåáëåíèÿ

ïèòüåâîé âîäû è îòêðûòûé äëÿ îáùåãî

ïîëüçîâàíèÿ

 

    31* ÍÅÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈÇÎÂÀÍÍÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃΠ en   decentralization

ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß: Óñòðîéñòâà è ñîîðóæåíèÿ,            system of drinking

ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûå äëÿ çàáîðà ïèòüåâîé âîäû áåç       water supply

ïîäà÷è åå ê ìåñòàì ïîòðåáëåíèÿ è îòêðûòûå

äëÿ îáùåãî ïîëüçîâàíèÿ

 

    32* ÀÂÒÎÍÎÌÍÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃÎ

ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß: Óñòðîéñòâà è ñîîðóæåíèÿ,

ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûå äëÿ çàáîðà, ïîäãîòîâêè èëè

áåç ïîäãîòîâêè ïèòüåâîé âîäû, ñ ïîäà÷åé èëè

áåç ïîäà÷è åå ê ìåñòàì ïîòðåáëåíèÿ,

íàõîäÿùèåñÿ â ïîëüçîâàíèè ôèçè÷åñêèõ ëèö è

çàêðûòûå äëÿ îáùåãî ïîëüçîâàíèÿ

 

                                ÎÒÁÎÐ ÏÐÎÁ

 

    33** ÏÐÎÁÀ ÂÎÄÛ: Îïðåäåëåííûé îáúåì       de   Probe

âîäû, îòîáðàííûé äëÿ èññëåäîâàíèÿ åå ñîñòàâà  en   sample

è ñâîéñòâ                                     fr   echantillon

 

    34** ÒÎ×Å×ÍÀß ÏÐÎÁÀ ÂÎÄÛ: Ïðîáà âîäû,     de   Stichprobe

ïîëó÷àåìàÿ îäíîêðàòíûì îòáîðîì íåîáõîäèìîãî   en   spot sample

îáúåìà âîäû â òî÷êå îòáîðà ïðîá               fr   echantillon ponctuel

 

    35** ÑÎÑÒÀÂÍÀß ÏÐÎÁÀ ÂÎÄÛ: Äâå èëè áîëåå  de   Mischprobe

ïðîá âîäû èëè èõ ÷àñòåé, ñìåøèâàåìûõ â        en   composite sample

çàäàííûõ ïðîïîðöèÿõ                           fr   echantillon composite

 

    36 ÀÂÒÎÌÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÎÒÁÎÐ ÏÐÎÁ ÂÎÄÛ: Îòáîð  de   automatische Probenahme

ïðîá âîäû áåç ó÷àñòèÿ ÷åëîâåêà ïî             en   automatic sampling

ðàçðàáîòàííîé ïðîãðàììå                       fr   echantillonnage

                                                   automatique

 

    37 ÒÎ×ÊÀ ÎÒÁÎÐÀ ÏÐÎÁÛ ÂÎÄÛ:               de   Probenahmestelle

Çàôèêñèðîâàííîå ìåñòîïîëîæåíèå îòáîðà ïðîáû   en   sampling point

âîäû                                          fr   point d'echantillonnage

 

    38** ÑÅÒÜ ÏÓÍÊÒÎÂ ÎÒÁÎÐÀ ÏÐÎÁ ÂÎÄÛ:       de   Probenahmenetz

Ñîâîêóïíîñòü çàðàíåå îïðåäåëåííûõ òî÷åê       en   sampling network

îòáîðà ïðîá                                   fr   reseau d'echantillonnage

 

    39 ÏÐÎÁÎÎÒÁÎÐÍÈÊ: Óñòðîéñòâî,             de   Probenehmer

èñïîëüçóåìîå äëÿ îòáîðà ïðîá âîäû             en   sampler

                                              fr   echantillonneur

 

    40 ÊÎÍÑÅÐÂÀÖÈß ÏÐÎÁÛ ÂÎÄÛ: Äîáàâëåíèå     de   Probenstabilisierung

õèìè÷åñêîãî âåùåñòâà è (èëè) èçìåíåíèå        en   sample stabilization

ôèçè÷åñêèõ óñëîâèé äëÿ óìåíüøåíèÿ âîçìîæíûõ   fr   stabilisation de

èñêàæåíèé îïðåäåëÿåìûõ ïîêàçàòåëåé â ïåðèîä        l'echantillon

ìåæäó ìîìåíòîì îòáîðà ïðîáû âîäû è åå

èññëåäîâàíèåì

 

                ÔÈÇÈÊÎ-ÕÈÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÏÎÊÀÇÀÒÅËÈ ÊÀ×ÅÑÒÂÀ ÂÎÄÛ

 

    41 ÂÇÂÅØÅÍÍÛÅ ÂÅÙÅÑÒÂÀ Â ÂÎÄÅ: Âåùåñòâà,  de   suspendierte Feststoffe

âûäåëåííûå èç âîäû ïóòåì ôèëüòðîâàíèÿ è       en   suspended solids

(èëè) öåíòðèôóãèðîâàíèÿ                       fr   matieres en suspension

 

    42 ÎÁÙÅÅ ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ ÏÐÈÌÅÑÅÉ Â ÂÎÄÅ:      de   gesamter Feststoffgehalt

Îáùåå êîëè÷åñòâî ðàñòâîðåííûõ è âçâåøåííûõ    en   total solids

âåùåñòâ â âîäå                                fr   matieres solides totales

 

    43** ÓÄÅËÜÍÀß ÝËÅÊÒÐÎÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÎÑÒÜ ÂÎÄÛ:    de   elektrische

Ýëåêòðîïðîâîäíîñòü åäèíèöû îáúåìà âîäû             Leitfahigkeit

                                              en   electrical conductivity

                                              fr   conductivite electrique

 

    44 ÀÇÎÒ ÏÎ ÊÜÅËÜÄÀËÞ: Ñóììàðíàÿ ìàññîâàÿ  de   Kjeldahl-Stickstoff

êîíöåíòðàöèÿ îðãàíè÷åñêîãî è àììîíèéíîãî      en   Kjeldahl nitrogen

àçîòà â ïðîáå âîäû, îïðåäåëÿåìàÿ ïîñëå        fr   azote Kjeldahl

âîçäåéñòâèÿ íà ïðîáó ñåðíîé êèñëîòîé ïðè

çàäàííûõ óñëîâèÿõ

 

    45 ÏÅÐÌÀÍÃÀÍÀÒÍÀß ÎÊÈÑËßÅÌÎÑÒÜ:           de   Permanganat-Index

Õèìè÷åñêîå ïîòðåáëåíèå êèñëîðîäà ïðè               (von Wasser)

îáðàáîòêå ïðîáû âîäû ïåðìàíãàíàòíûì èîíîì     en   permanganate index

ïðè îïðåäåëåííûõ óñëîâèÿõ                          (of water)

                                              fr   indice permanganate

                                                   (de l'eau)

 

    46* ÁÈÕÐÎÌÀÒÍÀß ÎÊÈÑËßÅÌÎÑÒÜ: Õèìè÷åñêîå

ïîòðåáëåíèå êèñëîðîäà ïðè îáðàáîòêå ïðîáû

âîäû áèõðîìàòíûì èîíîì ïðè îïðåäåëåííûõ

óñëîâèÿõ

 

    47 ÏÎÐÎÃ ÂÎÑÏÐÈßÒÈß ÇÀÏÀÕÀ ÂÎÄÛ:          de   Geruchsschwelle

Ìèíèìàëüíûé óðîâåíü çàïàõà âîäû, ðàçëè÷èìûé   en   odour threshold

îëüôàêòîðíûìè îðãàíàìè ÷åëîâåêà.              fr   seuil olfactif

    Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:

    1. Àáñîëþòíîãî çíà÷åíèÿ ïîðîãà

âîñïðèÿòèÿ çàïàõîâ íå ñóùåñòâóåò èç-çà

âðîæäåííîé ðàçíèöû îëüôàêòîðíîé

÷óâñòâèòåëüíîñòè ó ðàçíûõ ëþäåé.

    2. Çíà÷åíèå ïîðîãà âîñïðèÿòèÿ çàïàõà

âîäû îïðåäåëÿþò ñåðèéíûì ðàçâåäåíèåì ïðîáû

âîäû ÷èñòîé âîäîé áåç çàïàõà äî òåõ ïîð,

ïîêà çàïàõ íå ñòàíåò íåðàçëè÷èì.

 

    48 ÎÑÒÀÒÎ×ÍÛÉ ÕËÎÐ: Õëîð, îñòàþùèéñÿ â    de   gesamtes Restchlor

âîäå ïîñëå õëîðèðîâàíèÿ â âèäå ñâîáîäíîãî     en   residual chlorine

èëè ñâÿçàííîãî õëîðà èëè â îáîèõ âèäàõ ñðàçó  fr   chlore residuel

 

    49** ÑÂÎÁÎÄÍÛÉ ÕËÎÐ: Õëîð,                de   freies Chlor

ïðèñóòñòâóþùèé â âîäå â âèäå õëîðíîâàòèñòîé   en   free chlorine

êèñëîòû èëè (è) ãèïîõëîðèò-èîíà               fr   chlore libre

 

    50* ÑÂßÇÀÍÍÛÉ ÕËÎÐ: Õëîð, ïðèñóòñòâóþùèé

â âîäå â âèäå õëîðàìèíîâ

 

    51* ÔÅÍÎËÜÍÛÉ ÈÍÄÅÊÑ: Ìàññîâàÿ

êîíöåíòðàöèÿ ôåíîëîâ â âîäå, âñòóïàþùèõ â

ðåàêöèþ ñ 4-àìèíîàíòèïèðèíîì è â

îïðåäåëåííûõ óñëîâèÿõ îáðàçóþùèõ ñ íèì

îêðàøåííûå ñîåäèíåíèÿ

 

    52* ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ ÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒÎÂ Â ÂÎÄÅ:     en   hydrocarbon oil index

Ýêñòðàãèðóåìûå èç âîäû íåïîëÿðíûå è

ìàëîïîëÿðíûå óãëåâîäîðîäû.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå -  ìåæäóíàðîäíîé ïðàêòèêå

èñïîëüçóþò òåðìèí "óãëåâîäîðîäíûé èíäåêñ".

 

                  ÁÈÎËÎÃÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÏÎÊÀÇÀÒÅËÈ ÊÀ×ÅÑÒÂÀ ÂÎÄÛ

 

    53** ÄÎÍÍÛÅ ÎÒËÎÆÅÍÈß: Äîííûå íàíîñû è

òâåðäûå ÷àñòèöû, îáðàçîâàâøèåñÿ è îñåâøèå íà

äíî âîäíîãî îáúåêòà â ðåçóëüòàòå

âíóòðèâîäîåìíûõ ôèçèêî-õèìè÷åñêèõ è

áèîõèìè÷åñêèõ ïðîöåññîâ, ïðîèñõîäÿùèõ ñ

âåùåñòâàìè êàê åñòåñòâåííîãî, òàê è

òåõíîãåííîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ

 

    54 ÏËÀÍÊÒÎÍ: Ñîîáùåñòâî îðãàíèçìîâ,       de   Plankton

ñîñòîÿùåå èç ðàñòåíèé è æèâîòíûõ, âçâåøåííûõ  en   plankton

â òîëùå âîäû è äðåéôóþùèõ ñ åå ïîòîêàìè       fr   plancton

 

    55 ÔÈÒÎÏËÀÍÊÒÎÍ: ×àñòü ïëàíêòîíà,         de   Phytoplankton

ïðåäñòàâëåííàÿ ðàñòåíèÿìè                     en   phytoplankton

                                              fr   phytoplancton

 

    56 ÇÎÎÏËÀÍÊÒÎÍ: ×àñòü ïëàíêòîíà,          de   Zooplankton

ïðåäñòàâëåííàÿ æèâîòíûìè                      en   zooplankton

                                              fr   zooplancton

 

    57 ÌÀÊÐÎÔÈÒÛ: Âûñøèå âîäíûå ðàñòåíèÿ      de   Makrophyten

                                              en   macrophytes

                                              fr   macrophytes

 

    58** ÂÎÄÎÐÎÑËÈ: Ãðóïïà îäíî- èëè          de   Algen

ìíîãîêëåòî÷íûõ íèçøèõ âîäíûõ ðàñòåíèé,        en   algae

âêëþ÷àÿ öèàíîáàêòåðèè                         fr   algues

 

    59* ÂÎÄÍÛÅ ÑÀÏÐÎÔÈÒÍÛÅ ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ:    de   wasser saprophitare

Ãåòåðîòðîôíûå ìèêðîîðãàíèçìû, èñïîëüçóþùèå         Mikroorganismus

äëÿ ïèòàíèÿ îðãàíè÷åñêèå âåùåñòâà, â òîì      en   water saprophyte

÷èñëå ïðîäóêòû æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòè è îñòàíêè         microorganisms

îðãàíèçìîâ

 

    60** ÎÁÙÅÅ ÌÈÊÐÎÁÍÎÅ ×ÈÑËÎ; ÎÌ×: Îáùåå    de   Koloniezahl

÷èñëî ìåçîôèëüíûõ àýðîáíûõ è ôàêóëüòàòèâíî-   en   Plate count

àíàýðîáíûõ ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ, ñïîñîáíûõ         fr   numeration sur plaque

îáðàçîâûâàòü êîëîíèè íà ïèòàòåëüíîì àãàðå

ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå 37 °Ñ â òå÷åíèå 24 ÷,

âèäèìûå ñ óâåëè÷åíèåì â äâà ðàçà.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Íàðÿäó ñ èíêóáàöèåé ïðè

òåìïåðàòóðå 37 °Ñ èñïîëüçóþò èíêóáàöèþ

ïîñåâîâ ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå 20 - 22 °Ñ â òå÷åíèå

72 ÷ äëÿ ó÷åòà ñàïðîôèòíûõ âîäíûõ

ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ.

 

    61* ÈÍÄÈÊÀÒÎÐÍÛÅ ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ:          de   Indikator-

Óñëîâíûå ãðóïïû ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ, ïðèñóòñòâèå       mikroorganismus

êîòîðûõ ñâèäåòåëüñòâóåò î íàëè÷èè             en   indicating

àíòðîïîãåííîãî çàãðÿçíåíèÿ è (èëè)                 microorganisms

íåäîñòàòî÷íîé î÷èñòêå âîäû

 

    62* ÑÀÍÈÒÀÐÍÎ-ÏÎÊÀÇÀÒÅËÜÍÛÅ               de   hygienisches indikator

ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ: Èíäèêàòîðíûå ìèêðîîðãàíèçìû,       Mikroorganismus

ñâèäåòåëüñòâóþùèå î âîçìîæíîì ôåêàëüíîì       en   sanitary-indicatory

çàãðÿçíåíèè è ïîòåíöèàëüíîé îïàñíîñòè              microorganisms

ïðèñóòñòâèÿ â âîäå âîçáóäèòåëåé èíôåêöèîííûõ

çàáîëåâàíèé

 

    63** ÎÁÙÈÅ ÊÎËÈÔÎÐÌÍÛÅ ÁÀÊÒÅÐÈÈ; îáùèå    de   Coliforme

êîëèôîðìû: Ãðàìîòðèöàòåëüíûå                  en   coliform organisms

îêñèäàçîîòðèöàòåëüíûå íå îáðàçóþùèå ñïîð      fr   organismes coliformes

ïàëî÷êè, ñïîñîáíûå ðàñòè íà äèôôåðåíöèàëüíûõ

ëàêòîçíûõ ñðåäàõ, ôåðìåíòèðóþùèå ëàêòîçó äî

êèñëîòû, àëüäåãèäà è ãàçà ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå

37 °Ñ â òå÷åíèå 24 - 48 ÷.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Èíäèêàòîðíàÿ ãðóïïà

áàêòåðèé, óêàçûâàþùàÿ íà âîçìîæíîñòü

ôåêàëüíîãî çàãðÿçíåíèÿ âîäû.

 

    64 ÒÅÐÌÎÒÎËÅÐÀÍÒÍÛÅ ÊÎËÈÔÎÐÌÍÛÅ           de   thermotolerante

ÁÀÊÒÅÐÈÈ; òåðìîòîëåðàíòíûå êîëèôîðìû:              Coliforme

Áàêòåðèè, îáëàäàþùèå ïðèçíàêàìè îáùèõ              Fakalcoliforme

êîëèôîðìíûõ áàêòåðèé, à òàêæå ñïîñîáíûå       en   thermotolerant/faecal

ôåðìåíòèðîâàòü ëàêòîçó äî êèñëîòû, àëüäåãèäà       coliform organisms

è ãàçà ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå 44 °Ñ â òå÷åíèå 24 ÷.  fr   organismes coliformes

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Èíäèêàòîðíàÿ ãðóïïà               thermotolerants

áàêòåðèé, óêàçûâàþùàÿ íà ôåêàëüíîå

çàãðÿçíåíèå âîäû.

 

    65 ESHERICHIA COLI; E. coli: Àýðîáíûå è   de   Esherichia coli

ôàêóëüòàòèâíî-àíàýðîáíûå òåðìîóñòîé÷èâûå           (E. coli)

êîëèôîðìíûå áàêòåðèè, êîòîðûå ôåðìåíòèðóþò    en   Esherichia coli

ëàêòîçó èëè ìàííèòîë ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå 44 °Ñ â       (E. coli)

òå÷åíèå 24 ÷ ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì êèñëîòû è ãàçà,   fr   Esherichia coli

à òàêæå ïðîèçâîäÿò èíäîë èç òðèïòîôàíà.            (E. coli)

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Èíäèêàòîðíàÿ ãðóïïà

áàêòåðèé, âêëþ÷àþùàÿ â ñåáÿ ïðåèìóùåñòâåííî

Å. coli è óêàçûâàþùàÿ íà ôåêàëüíîå

çàãðÿçíåíèå âîäû.

 

    66 ÑÓËÜÔÈÒÐÅÄÓÖÈÐÓÞÙÈÅ ÊËÎÑÒÐÈÄÈÈ:        de   sulfitreduzierende

Ñïîðîîáðàçóþùèå àíàýðîáíûå ïàëî÷êîâèäíûå           Clostridien

áàêòåðèè, ðåäóöèðóþùèå ñóëüôèòû äî            en   sulphite-reducing

ñóëüôèäîâ.                                         ñlostridia

    Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:                               fr   clostridium sulfito-

    1. Øèðîêî ðàñïðîñòðàíåíû â ïî÷âå,              reducteurs

ïîâåðõíîñòíûõ è ñòî÷íûõ âîäàõ, ÷àñòî

âñòðå÷àþòñÿ â ôåêàëèÿõ.

    2. Ñïîðû ñóëüôèòðåäóöèðóþùèõ êëîñòðèäèé,

ÿâëÿÿñü áîëåå óñòîé÷èâûìè ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ

âåãåòàòèâíûìè ôîðìàìè áàêòåðèé ê âîçäåéñòâèþ

íåáëàãîïðèÿòíûõ ôèçè÷åñêèõ è õèìè÷åñêèõ

ôàêòîðîâ, èñïîëüçóþòñÿ êàê èíäèêàòîð

êà÷åñòâà îáðàáîòêè ïðè âîäîïîäãîòîâêå

ïèòüåâîé âîäû.

 

    67** ÔÅÊÀËÜÍÛÅ ÑÒÐÅÏÒÎÊÎÊÊÈ:              de   Fakalstreptokokken

Ãðàìïîëîæèòåëüíûå êàòàëàçîòðèöàòåëüíûå        en   faecal streptococci

ïîëèìîðôíûå êîêêè, ðàñïîëàãàþùèåñÿ ïîïàðíî    fr   streptocoques fecaux

èëè â öåïî÷êàõ, ñïîñîáíûå ðàñòè íà

ïèòàòåëüíûõ ñðåäàõ ñ àçèäîì íàòðèÿ.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:

    1. Èíäèêàòîðíàÿ ãðóïïà ôåêàëüíûõ

ñòðåïòîêîêêîâ âêëþ÷àåò â ñåáÿ âèäû

ýíòåðîêîêêîâ, èìåþùèõ àíòèãåí ãðóïïû Ä.

    2. Îáíàðóæåíèå ôåêàëüíûõ ñòðåïòîêîêêîâ â

âîäå, äàæå â îòñóòñòâèå Å. coli, óêàçûâàåò

íà ôåêàëüíîå çàãðÿçíåíèå âîäû.

 

    68* ÊÎËÈÔÀÃÈ: Áàêòåðèàëüíûå âèðóñû,       en   coliphages

ñïîñîáíûå ëèçèðîâàòü Å. coli è ôîðìèðîâàòü    fr   coliphages

ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå 37 °C ÷åðåç 18 - 24 ÷ çîíû

ëèçèñà íà ïèòàòåëüíîì àãàðå.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Áëàãîäàðÿ ñõîäñòâó ñ

êèøå÷íûìè âèðóñàìè ÷åëîâåêà è áîëüøîé

óñòîé÷èâîñòè ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ èíäèêàòîðíûìè

ãðóïïàìè áàêòåðèé èõ ðàññìàòðèâàþò êàê

ïîêàçàòåëè âîçìîæíîãî âèðóñíîãî çàãðÿçíåíèÿ

âîäû.

 

    69** ÍÀÈÁÎËÅÅ ÂÅÐÎßÒÍÎÅ ×ÈÑËÎ; ÍÂ×:       de   wahrscheinlichste Zahl;

Âåðîÿòíîñòíàÿ îöåíêà ÷èñëà ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ â       MPN

îïðåäåëåííîì îáúåìå âîäû, ïîëó÷åííàÿ èç       en   most probable number;

ñî÷åòàíèÿ ïîëîæèòåëüíûõ è îòðèöàòåëüíûõ            MPN

ðåçóëüòàòîâ â ñåðèè îáúåìîâ ïðîáû,            fr   nombre le plus probable;

èññëåäîâàííûõ ñòàíäàðòíûìè ìåòîäàìè ñ              NPP

èñïîëüçîâàíèåì æèäêèõ ïèòàòåëüíûõ ñðåä

 

    70** ÂÈÁÐÈÎÍÛ: Ãðàìîòðèöàòåëüíûå          de   Vibrio sp.

îêñèäàçîïîëîæèòåëüíûå âîäíûå áàêòåðèè,        en   Vibrio sp.

èìåþùèå ôîðìó èçîãíóòûõ ïàëî÷åê, ñïîñîáíûå    fr   Vibrio sp.

ïåðåäâèãàòüñÿ ñ ïîìîùüþ æãóòèêîâ.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Íåêîòîðûå âèäû âèáðèîíîâ

ïàòîãåííû äëÿ ÷åëîâåêà (íàïðèìåð, Vibrio

cholera è Vibrio parahaemolyticus).

 

    71 ËÅÃÈÎÍÅËËÛ: Ðàçíîâèäíîñòü ïàòîãåííûõ   de   Legionella species

äëÿ ÷åëîâåêà ãðàìîòðèöàòåëüíûõ áàêòåðèé,      en   Legionella species

îïòèìàëüíîé òåìïåðàòóðîé äëÿ ðàçâèòèÿ         fr   bacteries Legionella

êîòîðûõ ÿâëÿåòñÿ 30 - 45 °C è êîòîðûå ìîãóò

ìåäëåííî ðàçâèâàòüñÿ ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå 20 °C è

ïåðåíîñèòü òåìïåðàòóðó 55 °C.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:

    1. Âûäåëÿþòñÿ èç ïîâåðõíîñòíûõ âîä, èëà,

òåðìàëüíî çàãðÿçíåííûõ îçåð è èñòî÷íèêîâ, à

òàêæå ðàñïðåäåëèòåëüíûõ ñèñòåì ïèòüåâîãî è

ãîðÿ÷åãî âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ.

    2. Ñëóæàò âîçáóäèòåëÿìè ïíåâìîíèè

"áîëåçíè ëåãèîíåðîâ" è ëèõîðàäêè Ïîíòèàêà.

Ïóòü ïåðåäà÷è èíôåêöèè - ÷åðåç âîäíûå

àýðîçîëè.

 

    72 ÐÎÄ ÏÑÅÂÄÎÌÎÍÀÄÛ: Àýðîáíûå             de   Pseudomonas species

ãðàìîòðèöàòåëüíûå îêñèäàçîïîëîæèòåëüíûå       en   Pseudomonas species

êàòàëàçïîëîæèòåëüíûå áàêòåðèè, íå îáðàçóþùèå  fr   bacteries Pseudomonas

ñïîð, ïîâñåìåñòíî ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûå â âîäíîé

ñðåäå.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:

    1. Èñïîëüçóþò äëÿ ñâîåãî ðîñòà ïðîñòûå

îðãàíè÷åñêèå è íåîðãàíè÷åñêèå ñîåäèíåíèÿ,

âñëåäñòâèå ÷åãî õîðîøî ðàçìíîæàþòñÿ ïðè

ïîïàäàíèè â ïèòüåâóþ âîäó, íå ñîäåðæàùóþ

õëîðà (èëè äðóãèõ îáåççàðàæèâàþùèõ àãåíòîâ),

â ÷àñòíîñòè â âîäå, ðàñôàñîâàííîé â åìêîñòè.

    2. Øèðîêî ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûì âèäîì

ïñåâäîìîíàä, äëèòåëüíî âûæèâàþùèì â âîäíîé

ñðåäå, ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñèíåãíîéíàÿ ïàëî÷êà

(Pseudomonas aeruginosa) - óñëîâíî-

ïàòîãåííûé ìèêðîîðãàíèçì, ñïîñîáíûé âûçûâàòü

ðàíåâûå è êèøå÷íûå èíôåêöèè.

 

    73* ÖÈÑÒÛ ËßÌÁËÈÉ: Âðåìåííàÿ ôîðìà        en   Giardia cysts

ñóùåñòâîâàíèÿ ëÿìáëèé, îáåñïå÷èâàþùàÿ èõ

âûæèâàíèå âî âíåøíåé ñðåäå, ïåðåõîä îò

îäíîãî îðãàíèçìà-õîçÿèíà ê äðóãîìó

 

              Àëôàâèòíûé óêàçàòåëü òåðìèíîâ íà ðóññêîì ÿçûêå

 

ÀÇÎÒ ÏÎ ÊÜÅËÜÄÀËÞ                                                        44

ÀÌÌÎÍÈÇÀÖÈß ÂÎÄÛ                                                         23

ÁÀÊÒÅÐÈÈ ÊÎËÈÔÎÐÌÍÛÅ ÎÁÙÈÅ                                               63

ÁÀÊÒÅÐÈÈ ÊÎËÈÔÎÐÌÍÛÅ ÒÅÐÌÎÒÎËÅÐÀÍÒÍÛÅ                                    64

ÂÅÙÅÑÒÂÀ, ÂÇÂÅØÅÍÍÛÅ Â ÂÎÄÅ                                              41

ÂÈÁÐÈÎÍÛ                                                                 70

ÂÎÄÀ ÀÐÒÅÇÈÀÍÑÊÀß                                                        6

ÂÎÄÀ ÄÎÆÄÅÂÀß                                                            8

ÂÎÄÀ ÌÈÍÅÐÀËÜÍÀß                                                         4

ÂÎÄÀ ÌÎÐÑÊÀß                                                             7

ÂÎÄÀ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÀß                                                            3

ÂÎÄÀ ÏÎÄÇÅÌÍÀß                                                           5

ÂÎÄÎÐÎÑËÈ                                                                58

ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈÅ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÅ                                                   1

ÃÈÏÅÐÕËÎÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ                                                   21

ÄÅÈÎÍÈÇÀÖÈß ÂÎÄÛ                                                         19

ÄÅÑÒÐÀÒÈÔÈÊÀÖÈß ÂÎÄÍÎÃÎ ÎÁÚÅÊÒÀ                                          14

ÄÅÕËÎÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ                                                      22

ÄÈÑÒÈËËßÖÈß ÂÎÄÛ                                                         18

ÇÎÎÏËÀÍÊÒÎÍ                                                              56

ESHERICHIA COLI                                                          65

Å. coli                                                                  65

ÈÍÄÅÊÑ ÔÅÍÎËÜÍÛÉ                                                         51

ÈÑÒÎ×ÍÈÊ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃÎ ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß                                         9

ÊËÎÑÒÐÈÄÈÈ ÑÓËÜÔÈÒÐÅÄÓÖÈÐÓÞÙÈÅ                                           66

ÊÎËÈÔÀÃÈ                                                                 68

êîëèôîðìû îáùèå                                                          63

êîëèôîðìû òåðìîòîëåðàíòíûå                                               64

ÊÎÍÑÅÐÂÀÖÈß ÏÐÎÁÛ ÂÎÄÛ                                                   40

ËÅÃÈÎÍÅËËÛ                                                               71

ÌÀÊÐÎÔÈÒÛ                                                                57

ÌÀÒÅÐÈÀË ÈÎÍÎÎÁÌÅÍÍÛÉ                                                    26

ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ ÈÍÄÈÊÀÒÎÐÍÛÅ                                              61

ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ ÑÀÍÈÒÀÐÍÎ-ÏÎÊÀÇÀÒÅËÜÍÛÅ                                   62

ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ ÑÀÏÐÎÔÈÒÍÛÅ ÂÎÄÍÛÅ                                        59

ÌÎÐÅ                                                                     12

ÍÂ×                                                                      69

ÍÎÐÌÀÒÈÂÛ ÊÀ×ÅÑÒÂÀ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÉ ÂÎÄÛ ÃÈÃÈÅÍÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ                           2

ÎÇÎÍÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ                                                        24

ÎÊÈÑËßÅÌÎÑÒÜ ÁÈÕÐÎÌÀÒÍÀß                                                 46

ÎÊÈÑËßÅÌÎÑÒÜ ÏÅÐÌÀÍÃÀÍÀÒÍÀß                                              45

ÎÌ×                                                                      60

ÎÒÁÎÐ ÏÐÎÁ ÂÎÄÛ ÀÂÒÎÌÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ                                           36

ÎÒËÎÆÅÍÈß ÄÎÍÍÛÅ                                                         53

ÏËÀÍÊÒÎÍ                                                                 54

ÏËÅÍÊÀ ÇÎÎÃËÅÉÍÀß                                                        27

ÏÎÐÎÃ ÂÎÑÏÐÈßÒÈß ÇÀÏÀÕÀ ÂÎÄÛ                                             47

ÏÐÎÁÀ ÂÎÄÛ                                                               33

ÏÐÎÁÀ ÂÎÄÛ ÑÎÑÒÀÂÍÀß                                                     35

ÏÐÎÁÀ ÂÎÄÛ ÒÎ×Å×ÍÀß                                                      34

ÏÐÎÁÎÎÒÁÎÐÍÈÊ                                                            39

ÐÎÄ ÏÑÅÂÄÎÌÎÍÀÄÛ                                                         72

ÐÎÄÍÈÊ                                                                   10

ÐÓ×ÅÉ                                                                    11

ÑÅÒÜ ÏÓÍÊÒÎÂ ÎÒÁÎÐÀ ÏÐÎÁ ÂÎÄÛ                                            38

ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃÎ ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß ÀÂÒÎÍÎÌÍÀß                               32

ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃÎ ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß ÍÅÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈÇÎÂÀÍÍÀß                       31

ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÏÈÒÜÅÂÎÃÎ ÂÎÄÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈß ÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈÇÎÂÀÍÍÀß                         30

ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ ÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒÎÂ Â ÂÎÄÅ                                         52

ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ ÏÐÈÌÅÑÅÉ Â ÂÎÄÅ ÎÁÙÅÅ                                         42

ÑÒÐÅÏÒÎÊÎÊÊÈ ÔÅÊÀËÜÍÛÅ                                                   67

ÑÒÐÀÒÈÔÈÊÀÖÈß ÂÎÄÍÎÃÎ ÎÁÚÅÊÒÀ                                            13

ÒÎ×ÊÀ ÎÒÁÎÐÀ ÏÐÎÁÛ ÂÎÄÛ                                                  37

ÒÐÎÔÍÎÑÒÜ ÂÎÄÍÎÃÎ ÎÁÚÅÊÒÀ                                                15

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÀ ÂÎÄÎÎ×ÈÑÒÍÛÅ                                                  28

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÀ ÂÎÄÎÎ×ÈÑÒÍÛÅ ÁÛÒÎÂÛÅ                                          29

ÔÈËÜÒÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ                                                        16

ÔÈËÜÒÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ ÌÅÌÁÐÀÍÍÎÅ                                             17

ÔÈÒÎÏËÀÍÊÒÎÍ                                                             55

ÔËÎÊÓËßÍÒ                                                                25

ÕËÎÐ ÎÑÒÀÒÎ×ÍÛÉ                                                          48

ÕËÎÐ ÑÂÎÁÎÄÍÛÉ                                                           49

ÕËÎÐ ÑÂßÇÀÍÍÛÉ                                                           50

ÕËÎÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÄÛ                                                        20

×ÈÑËÎ ÌÈÊÐÎÁÍÎÅ ÎÁÙÅÅ                                                    60

×ÈÑËÎ ÍÀÈÁÎËÅÅ ÂÅÐÎßÒÍÎÅ                                                 69

ÖÈÑÒÛ ËßÌÁËÈÉ                                                            73

ÝËÅÊÒÐÎÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÎÑÒÜ ÂÎÄÛ ÓÄÅËÜÍÀß                                         43

 

       Àëôàâèòíûé óêàçàòåëü ýêâèâàëåíòîâ òåðìèíîâ íà íåìåöêîì ÿçûêå

 

Algen                                                                    58

Aminierung                                                               23

automatische Probenahme                                                  36

Bach                                                                     11

Chlorung                                                                 20

Coliforme                                                                63

Destratifizierung                                                        14

Destillation                                                             18

elektrische Leitfahigkeit                                                43

Entchlorung                                                              22

Entionisierung                                                           19

Esherichia coli (E. coli)                                                65

Fakalstreptokokken                                                       67

Fakalcoliforme                                                           64

Filtration                                                               16

Flockungshilfsmittel                                                     25

freies Chlor                                                             49

gesamter Feststoffgehalt                                                 42

gesamtes Restchlor                                                       48

Geruchsschwelle                                                          47

hygienisches indikator Mikroorganismus                                   62

Indikator-mikroorganismus                                                61

Ionenaustauschmaterial                                                   26

Koloniezahl                                                              60

Kjeldahl-Stickstoff                                                      44

Legionella species                                                       71

Makrophyten                                                              57

Meer                                                                     12

Membranfiltration                                                        17

Mineralwasser                                                            4

Mischprobe                                                               35

Ozonisierung                                                             24

Permanganat-Index (von Wasser)                                           45

Phytoplankton                                                            55

Plankton                                                                 54

Probe                                                                    33

Probenahmestelle                                                         37

Probenahmenetz                                                           38

Probenehmer                                                              39

Probenstabilisierung                                                     40

Pseudomonas species                                                      72

Quelle                                                                   10

Regenwasser                                                              8

Schichtung                                                               13

Stichprobe                                                               34

Stosschlorung                                                            21

sulfitreduzierende Clostridien                                           66

suspendierte Feststoffe                                                  41

thermotolerante Coliforme                                                64

trinkbares Wasser                                                        3

troph                                                                    15

Vibrio sp.                                                               70

wahrscheinlichste Zahl; MPN                                              69

wasser saprophitare Mikroorganismus                                      59

Zoogloenfilm                                                             27

Zooplankton                                                              56

 

      Àëôàâèòíûé óêàçàòåëü ýêâèâàëåíòîâ òåðìèíîâ íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå

 

algae                                                                    58

ammonization                                                             23

automatic sampling                                                       36

centralization system of drinking water supply                           30

chlorination                                                             20

coliform organisms                                                       63

coliphages                                                               68

composite sample                                                         35

dechlorination                                                           22

decentralization system of drinking water supply                         31

deionization                                                             19

destratification                                                         14

distillation                                                             18

drinking water                                                           3

drinking water supply                                                    1

electrical conductivity                                                  43

Esherichia coli (E. coli)                                                65

faecal streptococci                                                      67

filtration                                                               16

flocculation aid                                                         25

free chlorine                                                            49

Giardia cysts                                                            73

indicating microorganisms                                                61

ion-exchange material                                                    26

Kjeldahl nitrogen                                                        44

Legionella species                                                       71

macrophytes                                                              57

membrane filtration                                                      17

mineral water                                                            4

most probable number; MPN                                                69

odour threshold                                                          47

ozonization                                                              24

permanganate index (of water)                                            45

phytoplankton                                                            55

Plate count                                                              60

plankton                                                                 54

Pseudomonas species                                                      72

rain water                                                               8

residual chlorine                                                        48

sample                                                                   33

sample stabilization                                                     40

sampler                                                                  39

sampling network                                                         38

sampling point                                                           37

sanitary-indicatory microorganisms                                       62

sea                                                                      12

spot sample                                                              34

spring                                                                   10

stratification                                                           13

stream                                                                   11

sulphite-reducing clostridia                                             66

superchlorination                                                        21

suspended solids                                                         41

thermotolerant/faecal coliform organisms                                 64

total solids                                                             42

trophic                                                                  15

Vibrio sp.                                                               70

water saprophyte microorganisms                                          59

zooplankton                                                              56

zoogloeal film                                                           27

 

      Àëôàâèòíûé óêàçàòåëü ýêâèâàëåíòîâ òåðìèíîâ íà ôðàíöóçñêîì ÿçûêå

 

adjuvant de floculation                                                  25

algues                                                                   58

ammoniaton                                                               23

azote Kjeldahl                                                           44

bacteries Legionella                                                     71

bacteries Pseudomonas                                                    72

chloration                                                               20

chlore libre                                                             49

chlore residuel                                                          48

clostridium sulfito-reducteurs                                           66

coliphages                                                               68

conductivite electrique                                                  43

cours d'eau                                                              11

dechloration                                                             22

deionisation                                                             19

destratification                                                         14

distillation                                                             18

eau de boisson                                                           3

eau de pluie                                                             8

eau minerale                                                             4

echantillon                                                              33

echantillon ponctuel                                                     34

echantillon composite                                                    35

echantillonnage automatique                                              36

echantillonneur                                                          39

Esherichia coli (E. Coli)                                                65

filtration                                                               16

filtration sur membrane                                                  17

film de zooglee                                                          27

indice permanganate (de l'eau)                                           45

macrophytes                                                              57

matieres en suspension                                                   41

matieres solides totales                                                 42

matiere echangeuse d'ions                                                26

mer                                                                      12

nombre le plus probable; NPP                                             69

numeration sur plaque                                                    60

organismes coliformes                                                    63

organismes coliformes thermotolerants                                    64

ozonisation                                                              24

phytoplancton                                                            55

plancton                                                                 54

point d'echantillonnage                                                  37

reseau d'echantillonnage                                                 38

seuil olfactif                                                           47

source                                                                   10

stabilisation de l'echantillon                                           40

stratification                                                           13

streptocoques fecaux                                                     67

surchloration                                                            21

trophe                                                                   15

Vibrio sp.                                                               70

zooplancton                                                              56

 

 

 

 

 

Ïðèëîæåíèå À

(ñïðàâî÷íîå)

 

ÒÅÐÌÈÍÛ È ÎÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÈß ÏÎÍßÒÈÉ,

ÍÅÎÁÕÎÄÈÌÛÅ ÄËß ÏÎÍÈÌÀÍÈß ÒÅÊÑÒÀ ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÀ

 

À.1 ÀÃËÎÌÅÐÀÖÈß: Ñîåäèíåíèå ìåëêèõ õëîïüåâ èëè ÷àñòèö âçâåøåííûõ âåùåñòâ ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì áîëüøèõ õëîïüåâ èëè ÷àñòèö âçâåøåííûõ âåùåñòâ â âîäå

À.2 ÊÎÀÃÓËßÖÈß: Ïðîöåññ óêðóïíåíèÿ êîëëîèäíûõ è âçâåøåííûõ ÷àñòèö

À.3 ÔËÎÊÓËßÖÈß: Àãëîìåðàöèÿ ñ ïðèìåíåíèåì ôëîêóëÿíòà

À.4** ÔËÎÒÀÖÈß: Ïðîöåññ îòäåëåíèÿ äèñïåðãèðîâàííûõ è êîëëîèäíûõ ïðèìåñåé îò âîäû, îñíîâàííûé íà ñïîñîáíîñòè ÷àñòèö ïðèëèïàòü ê âîçäóøíûì èëè ãàçîâûì ïóçûðüêàì è ïåðåõîäèòü âìåñòå ñ íèìè â ïåííûé ñëîé

À.5 ÄÅÍÈÒÐÈÔÈÊÀÖÈß: Óìåíüøåíèå ñîäåðæàíèÿ â âîäå íèòðèòíûõ èëè íèòðàòíûõ èîíîâ ïóòåì âîçäåéñòâèÿ áàêòåðèé

À.6 ÑÅÄÈÌÅÍÒÀÖÈß: Îñàæäåíèå è îòëîæåíèå â âîäå âçâåøåííîãî âåùåñòâà ïîä äåéñòâèåì ñèëû òÿæåñòè

À.7* ÊÎÀÃÓËßÍÒ: Âåùåñòâî, ñòèìóëèðóþùåå óêðóïíåíèå è îñàæäåíèå âçâåøåííûõ è êîëëîèäíûõ ÷àñòèö, íàõîäÿùèõñÿ â âîäå

À.8 ÁÈÎÒÀ: Æèâûå êîìïîíåíòû ýêîñèñòåìû

À.9 ÀÍÀÝÐÎÁÍÛÅ ÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ; àíàýðîáû: Îðãàíèçìû, íå òðåáóþùèå äëÿ âûæèâàíèÿ èëè ðàçìíîæåíèÿ ïðèñóòñòâèÿ ðàñòâîðåííîãî èëè ãàçîîáðàçíîãî êèñëîðîäà

À.10 ÀÝÐÎÁÍÛÅ ÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ; àýðîáû: Îðãàíèçìû, òðåáóþùèå äëÿ âûæèâàíèÿ èëè ðàçìíîæåíèÿ ïðèñóòñòâèÿ ðàñòâîðåííîãî èëè ãàçîîáðàçíîãî êèñëîðîäà

À.11 ÔÀÊÓËÜÒÀÒÈÂÍÛÅ ÀÝÐÎÁÛ: Îðãàíèçìû, îáû÷íî àíàýðîáíûå, íî âûæèâàþùèå è ñëàáî ðàçìíîæàþùèåñÿ â ïðèñóòñòâèè êèñëîðîäà

À.12 ÔÀÊÓËÜÒÀÒÈÂÍÛÅ ÀÍÀÝÐÎÁÛ: Îðãàíèçìû, îáû÷íî àýðîáíûå, íî âûæèâàþùèå èëè ðàçìíîæàþùèåñÿ â îòñóòñòâèå êèñëîðîäà

À.13** ÃÅÒÅÐÎÒÐÎÔÍÎÑÒÜ: Òèï ïèòàíèÿ, ïðè êîòîðîì â êà÷åñòâå èñòî÷íèêà óãëåðîäà èñïîëüçóþòñÿ îðãàíè÷åñêèå ñîåäèíåíèÿ

À.14* ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ: Ãðóïïà îðãàíèçìîâ, íå âèäèìûõ íåâîîðóæåííûì ãëàçîì

À.15 ÒÅÐÌÎÔÈËÜÍÛÅ ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ: Ìèêðîîðãàíèçìû, êîòîðûå ðàçâèâàþòñÿ ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå áîëåå 45 °C

À.16 ÏÑÈÕÐÎÔÈËÜÍÛÅ ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ: Ìèêðîîðãàíèçìû, êîòîðûå ðàçâèâàþòñÿ ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå ìåíåå 20 °C

À.17 ÌÅÇÎÔÈËÜÍÛÅ ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ: Ìèêðîîðãàíèçìû, êîòîðûå ðàçâèâàþòñÿ ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå îò 20 äî 45 °C

À.18* ÏÀÒÎÃÅÍÍÛÅ ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ: Ìèêðîîðãàíèçìû, ñïîñîáíûå âûçûâàòü çàáîëåâàíèÿ ëþäåé, æèâîòíûõ èëè ðàñòåíèé

À.19* ÓÑËÎÂÍÎ-ÏÀÒÎÃÅÍÍÛÅ ÌÈÊÐÎÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÌÛ: Ìèêðîîðãàíèçìû, êîòîðûå â îáû÷íûõ óñëîâèÿõ îáèòàíèÿ â îðãàíèçìå ÷åëîâåêà èëè æèâîòíûõ íå âûçûâàþò èíôåêöèîííîãî ïðîöåññà, íî ìîãóò ñòàòü ïðè÷èíîé çàáîëåâàíèÿ

À.20 ÔÎÒÎÀÂÒÎÒÐÎÔÍÛÅ ÁÀÊÒÅÐÈÈ: Áàêòåðèè, èñïîëüçóþùèå äëÿ ìåòàáîëèçìà ýíåðãèþ ñâåòà è äèîêñèä óãëåðîäà

À.21** ÑÀËÜÌÎÍÅËËÛ: Ðîä áàêòåðèé ñåìåéñòâà Enterobacteriaceae.

Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ïàòîãåííûå áàêòåðèè, ñïîñîáíûå âûçûâàòü êèøå÷íûå èíôåêöèè, â òîì ÷èñëå áðþøíîé òèô, ïàðàòèôû.

 

À.22 ËßÌÁËÈÈ: Îäíîêëåòî÷íûå ïàðàçèòû êèøå÷íèêà ÷åëîâåêà è æèâîòíûõ, ðîä æãóòèêîíîñöåâ êëàññà çîîìàñòèãèí

À.23** ÂÈÐÓÑÛ: Ãðóïïà óëüòðàìèêðîñêîïè÷åñêèõ âíóòðèêëåòî÷íûõ ïàðàçèòîâ, ñîñòîÿùèõ èç íóêëåèíîâîé êèñëîòû, îêðóæåííîé çàùèòíîé ïðîòåèíîâîé èëè ñìåøàííîé îáîëî÷êîé èç ïðîòåèíîâ, ëèïèäîâ è óãëåâîäîâ

À.24** ÊÈØÅ×ÍÛÅ ÂÈÐÓÑÛ: Âèðóñû, ñïîñîáíûå ðàçìíîæàòüñÿ â æåëóäî÷íî-êèøå÷íîì òðàêòå ÷åëîâåêà è æèâîòíûõ, îáèòàòü èëè òðàíçèòíî ïðîõîäèòü ÷åðåç íåãî è âûäåëÿòüñÿ ñ ôåêàëèÿìè â îêðóæàþùóþ ñðåäó.

Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:

1. Ê ïðåäñòàâèòåëÿì êèøå÷íûõ âèðóñîâ îòíîñèòñÿ ðîä ýíòåðîâèðóñîâ: ïîëèâèðóñû, Êîêñàêè À è Â, ECHO, ýíòåðîâèðóñû 68 - 71.  øèðîêóþ ãðóïïó êèøå÷íûõ âèðóñîâ âõîäÿò òàêæå ðîòàâèðóñû, îòäåëüíûå ïðåäñòàâèòåëè àäåíîâèðóñîâ, êîðîíàâèðóñû, êàëèöèâèðóñû, ðåîâèðóñû, âèðóñû ãåïàòèòà A è E, âèðóñû Íîðâîëê, àñòðîâèðóñû, ìåëêèå àäåíîàññîöèèðîâàííûå âèðóñû.

2. Êèøå÷íûå âèðóñû âûçûâàþò çàáîëåâàíèÿ â ðàçëè÷íûõ êëèíè÷åñêèõ ôîðìàõ. Çàðàæåíèå îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ýíòåðàëüíûì ìåõàíèçìîì ïåðåäà÷è.

 

À.25** ÁÀÊÒÅÐÈÎÔÀÃ: Âèðóñ, ñïîñîáíûé èíàêòèâèðîâàòü áàêòåðèàëüíóþ êëåòêó, ðåïðîäóöèðîâàòüñÿ â íåé è âûçûâàòü åå ëèçèñ èëè ïåðåõîä â ëèçîãåííîå ñîñòîÿíèå

À.26* ÏÀÐÀÇÈÒ: Îðãàíèçì, èñïîëüçóþùèé â êà÷åñòâå èñòî÷íèêà ïèòàíèÿ èëè ñðåäû îáèòàíèÿ äðóãèå îðãàíèçìû, íàíîñÿ èì â áîëüøèíñòâå ñëó÷àåâ âðåä

À.27* ÃÅËÜÌÈÍÒÛ: Ãðóïïà ÷åðâåé-ïàðàçèòîâ, âûçûâàþùèõ ãåëüìèíòîçû.

Ïðèìå÷àíèå - ßéöà ãåëüìèíòîâ - ñòàäèÿ æèçíåííîãî öèêëà, îáåñïå÷èâàþùàÿ âûæèâàíèå âíå õîçÿèíà, ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå è ïåðåäà÷ó çàáîëåâàíèÿ.

 

 

 


 
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