Óòâåðæäàþ

Íà÷àëüíèê Ãëàâíîãî

ñàíèòàðíî-ýïèäåìèîëîãè÷åñêîãî

óïðàâëåíèÿ Ìèíçäðàâà ÑÑÑÐ

Â.Å.ÊÎÂØÈËÎ

22 èþíÿ 1981 ã. N 2405-81

 

ÌÅÒÎÄÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÓÊÀÇÀÍÈß

ÏÎ ÏÐÈÌÅÍÅÍÈÞ ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÀ ÑÝÂ 1052-78

"ÌÅÒÐÎËÎÃÈß. ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ ÔÈÇÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ ÂÅËÈ×ÈÍ"

 ÑÀÍÈÒÀÐÍÎ-ÝÏÈÄÅÌÈÎËÎÃÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ Ó×ÐÅÆÄÅÍÈßÕ

 

Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå óêàçàíèÿ ïîäãîòîâëåíû ÃÑÝÓ Ìèíçäðàâà ÑÑÑÐ, ñîòðóäíèêàìè Èíñòèòóòà ìåäèöèíñêîé ïàðàçèòîëîãèè è òðîïè÷åñêîé ìåäèöèíû èì. Å.È. Ìàðöèíîâñêîãî ÌÇ ÑÑÑÐ.

 

1. Îáùàÿ ÷àñòü

 

 1978 ãîäó íà 43 çàñåäàíèè ïîñòîÿííîé êîìèññèè ÑÝ ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè ïðèíÿò ñòàíäàðò ÑÝ 1052-78 "Ìåòðîëîãèÿ. Åäèíèöû ôèçè÷åñêèõ âåëè÷èí", êîòîðûìè ïðåäóñìîòðåíî îáÿçàòåëüíîå ïðèìåíåíèå ñòàíäàðòà ÑÝ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì åäèíèö Ìåæäóíàðîäíîé ñèñòåìû (ÑÈ) ñî ñðîêîì ïåðåõîäà íà íèõ äî 1 ÿíâàðÿ 1980 ãîäà.

Ñòàíäàðò ÑÝ 1052-78 "Ìåòðîëîãèÿ. Åäèíèöû ôèçè÷åñêèõ âåëè÷èí" óñòàíàâëèâàåò åäèíèöû ôèçè÷åñêèõ âåëè÷èí (â äàëüíåéøåì - åäèíèöû), ïðèìåíÿåìûå â ñòðàíàõ - ÷ëåíàõ ÑÝÂ.

Ìåæäóíàðîäíàÿ ñèñòåìà èìååò ïðåèìóùåñòâà:

1. Óíèâåðñàëüíîñòü ÑÈ ïîçâîëÿåò èñïîëüçîâàòü åå âî âñåõ îáëàñòÿõ íàóêè, òåõíèêè, íàðîäíîãî õîçÿéñòâà.

2. Óíèôèêàöèÿ åäèíèö ôèçè÷åñêèõ âåëè÷èí íà îñíîâå ÑÈ ïîçâîëèëà çàìåíèòü ìíîãîîáðàçèå åäèíèö äëÿ êàæäîé ôèçè÷åñêîé âåëè÷èíû è óñòàíîâèòü îäíó åäèíèöó è ïîðÿäîê îáðàçîâàíèÿ êðàòíûõ è äîëüíûõ îò íåå.

3. Â ÑÈ óïðîùåíû çàïèñè ôîðìóë è óðàâíåíèé èç-çà îòñóòñòâèÿ â íèõ ñëîæíûõ ïåðåâîäíûõ êîýôôèöèåíòîâ.

Âíåäðåíèå ñòàíäàðòà ÑÝ 1052-78 "Ìåòðîëîãèÿ. Åäèíèöû ôèçè÷åñêèõ âåëè÷èí" áóäåò îñóùåñòâëÿòüñÿ ïîñòåïåííî, â ïåðåõîäíûé ïåðèîä ñ 1980 ïî 1986 ãã. Ïðåäïîëîæèòåëüíî óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî îñíîâíûìè ïðèáîðîñòðîèòåëüíûìè çàâîäàìè ñòðàíû äëÿ ïåðåõîäà íà âûïóñê âñåé ïðîäóêöèè â ñèñòåìå ÑÈ ïîòðåáóåòñÿ îêîëî 2 ëåò, òî åñòü, íà÷èíàÿ ñ 1982 ãîäà, îíè ñìîãóò îáåñïå÷èòü âûïóñê âñåé ñâîåé íîìåíêëàòóðû ïðèáîðîâ â íîâûõ åäèíèöàõ.

Ïåðåõîä íà ïîâåðêó è ãðàäóèðîâêó ñðåäñòâ èçìåðåíèé â ÑÈ áóäåò îñóùåñòâëÿòüñÿ òàêæå ïîñòåïåííî â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ ïðîãðàììàìè ïî âíåäðåíèþ ñòàíäàðòà ÑÝ 1052-78 ìèíèñòåðñòâ è âåäîìñòâ, à òàêæå ïîä÷èíåííûõ èì îðãàíèçàöèé è ïðåäïðèÿòèé.

Îðãàíû, îñóùåñòâëÿþùèå ïîâåðêó ñðåäñòâ èçìåðåíèé, áóäóò åå ïðîâîäèòü êàê â íîâûõ, òàê è â ñòàðûõ åäèíèöàõ.

Ïåðåõîäó íà íîâóþ ñèñòåìó åäèíèö äîëæíà ïðåäøåñòâîâàòü ïîäãîòîâêà, ñîñòîÿùàÿ èç ïðîâåäåíèÿ ñïåöèàëüíûõ çàíÿòèé ñ ïåðñîíàëîì, îôîðìëåíèÿ ñòåíäîâ-ïëàêàòîâ ïî åäèíèöàì ÑÈ è èõ ñîîòíîøåíèåì ñî ñòàðûìè åäèíèöàìè, èñïîëüçóåìûìè â ñàíèòàðíî-ýïèäåìèîëîãè÷åñêîé ñëóæáå.

Îá îêîí÷àíèè ïåðåõîäíîãî ïåðèîäà ñàíýïèäñòàíöèè áóäóò îïîâåùåíû äîïîëíèòåëüíî.

Ñîãëàñíî ñòàíäàðòà ÑÝ 1052-78 â ñàíèòàðíî-ãèãèåíè÷åñêèõ, ìèêðîáèîëîãè÷åñêèõ, ýïèäåìèîëîãè÷åñêèõ è âèðóñîëîãè÷åñêèõ èññëåäîâàíèÿõ äîïóñêàåòñÿ ïðèìåíÿòü ñëåäóþùèå åäèíèöû ôèçè÷åñêèõ âåëè÷èí:

1. Îñíîâíûå, äîïîëíèòåëüíûå è ïðîèçâîäíûå åäèíèöû (òàáë. 1, 2, 3).

2. Âíåñèñòåìíûå åäèíèöû, äîïóñêàåìûå ê ïðèìåíåíèþ íàðàâíå ñ åäèíèöàìè ÑÈ (òàáë. 4).

3. Åäèíèöû, âðåìåííî äîïóñêàåìûå è ïîäëåæàùèå èçúÿòèþ (òàáë. 5).

4. Äåñÿòè÷íûå êðàòíûå è äîëüíûå åäèíèöû (òàáë. 7).

 

Òàáëèöà 1

 

ÎÑÍÎÂÍÛÅ ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ ÑÈ

 

┌─────────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────────┐

          Âåëè÷èíà                        Åäèíèöà             

                             ├────────────┬─────────────────────┤

                             │íàèìåíîâàíèå│     îáîçíà÷åíèå    

                                         ├───────┬─────────────┤

                                         ðóññêîå│ìåæäóíàðîäíîå

├─────────────────────────────┼────────────┼───────┼─────────────┤

│Äëèíà                        │ìåòð        ì      │m           

│Ìàññà                        │êèëîãðàìì   êã     kg           

│Âðåìÿ                        │ñåêóíäà     │ñ      │S           

│Ñèëà ýëåêòðè÷. òîêà          │àìïåð       │À      │A           

│Òåðìîäèíàìè÷åñêàÿ òåìïåðàòóðà│êåëüâèí     │Ê      │K           

│Êîëè÷åñòâî âåùåñòâà          │ìîëü        ìîëü               

│Ñèëà ñâåòà                   │êàíäåëà     │êä     cd          

└─────────────────────────────┴────────────┴───────┴─────────────┘

 

Ïðèìå÷àíèå. Êðîìå òåìïåðàòóðû Êåëüâèíà (îáîçíà÷åíèå T) äîïóñêàåòñÿ ïðèìåíÿòü òåìïåðàòóðó Öåëüñèÿ (îáîçíà÷åíèå t), îïðåäåëÿåìóþ âûðàæåíèåì t ðàâíî T - To, ãäå To ðàâíî 373,15 Ê ïî îïðåäåëåíèþ. Òåìïåðàòóðà Êåëüâèíà âûðàæàåòñÿ â êåëüâèíàõ, òåìïåðàòóðà Öåëüñèÿ - â ãðàäóñàõ Öåëüñèÿ (îáîçíà÷åíèå ìåæäóíàðîäíîå è ðóññêîå ãðàä. C). Ïî ðàçìåðó ãðàäóñ Öåëüñèÿ ðàâåí Êåëüâèíó.

 

Òàáëèöà 2

 

ÄÎÏÎËÍÈÒÅËÜÍÛÅ ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ ÑÈ

 

┌────────┬──────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────┐

│Âåëè÷èíà│         Åäèíèöû                       Îïðåäåëåíèå            

        ├─────────┬───────┬────────┤                                     

        íàèìåíî-ðóññêîå│ìåæäóíà-│                                    

        âàíèå           │ðîäíîå                                      

├────────┼─────────┼───────┼────────┼─────────────────────────────────────┤

│Ïëîñêèé │ðàäèàí   │ðàä    rad     │Ðàäèàí ðàâåí óãëó ìåæäó 2-ìÿ        

│óãîë                            │ðàäèóñàìè îêðóæíîñòè, äëèíà äóãè    

                                │ìåæäó êîòîðûìè ðàâíà ðàäèóñó        

Òåëåñíûé│ñòåðàäèàí│ñð     sr      │Ñòåðàäèàí ðàâåí òåëåñíîìó óãëó ñ    

│óãîë                            │âåðøèíîé â öåíòðå ñôåðû, âûðåçàþùåìó

                                │íà ïîâåðõíîñòè ñôåðû ïëîùàäü, ðàâíóþ │

                                │ïëîùàäè êâàäðàòà ñî ñòîðîíîé, ðàâíîé │

                                │ðàäèóñó ñôåðû                       

└────────┴─────────┴───────┴────────┴─────────────────────────────────────┘

 

2. Ïðîèçâîäíûå åäèíèöû ÑÈ (òàáë. 3)

 

Èç îñíîâíûõ è äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ åäèíèö ñòðîÿòñÿ ïðîèçâîäíûå åäèíèöû. Íàïðèìåð, åäèíèöà ñêîðîñòè - ìåòð â ñåêóíäó - âûðàæåíà ÷åðåç äâå îñíîâíûå: ìåòð è ñåêóíäó; åäèíèöà ïëîòíîñòè - êèëîãðàìì íà êóáè÷åñêèé ìåòð - ÷åðåç îñíîâíóþ åäèíèöó êèëîãðàìì è ïðîèçâîäíóþ - êóáè÷åñêèé ìåòð è ò.ä.

Íåêîòîðûå ïðîèçâîäíûå åäèíèöû îáðàçóþòñÿ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì ñïåöèàëüíûõ íàèìåíîâàíèé (íüþòîí, âàòò, âîëüò, ëþìåí è ò.ä.).

Ïðîèçâîäíûå ìîãóò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíû äëÿ îáðàçîâàíèÿ äðóãèõ ïðîèçâîäíûõ åäèíèö ÑÈ (íàïð. ýêñïîçèöèîííàÿ äîçà ðåíòãåíîâñêîãî èëè ãàììà-èçëó÷åíèÿ, âûðàæåííàÿ ÷åðåç êóëîí íà êèëîãðàìì; ìîùíîñòü ïîãëîùåííîé äîçû - ÷åðåç ãðýé â ñåêóíäó è ò.ä.).

 

Òàáëèöà 3

 

ÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÍÛÅ ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ ÑÈ

 

┌────────────────────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────────┐

                Âåëè÷èíû                            Åäèíèöû            

                                        ├────────────────┬───────────────┤

                                          íàèìåíîâàíèå    îáîçíà÷åíèå 

                                                        ├───────┬───────┤

                                                        ðóññêîå│ìåæäóí.│

├────────────────────────────────────────┼────────────────┼───────┼───────┤

                   1                           2           3      4  

├────────────────────────────────────────┼────────────────┼───────┼───────┤

                                                        │ 2     │ 2    

│Ïëîùàäü                                 │êâàäðàòíûé ìåòð │ì      │m     

                                                        │ 3     │ 3    

│Îáúåì, âìåñòèìîñòü                      │êóáè÷åñêèé ìåòð │ì      │m     

│Ñêîðîñòü (ëèíåéíàÿ)                     │ìåòð â ñåêóíäó  ì    │m/s   

                                                            3      3 

│Ïëîòíîñòü                               │êèëîãðàìì íà    êã   kg/m  

                                        │êóáè÷åñêèé ìåòð │             

                                                        │ 3     │ 3    

│Óäåëüíûé îáúåì                          │êóáè÷åñêèé ìåòð │ì /êã  │m /kg 

                                        │íà êèëîãðàìì                 

│Äàâëåíèå                                │Ïàñêàëü         │Ïà     Pa    

│×àñòîòà ïåðèîäè÷åñêîãî ïðîöåññà         │ãåðö            Ãö     Hz    

│Óðîâåíü øóìîâ (çâóêîâîãî äàâëåíèÿ)      │äåöèáåë         Äá     Db    

│Ñâåòîâîé ïîòîê                          │Ëþìåí           │ëì     lm    

                                                            2      2 

│ßðêîñòü                                 │Êàíäåëà íà      │êä/ì   cd/m  

                                        │êâàäðàòíûé ìåòð │             

│Îñâåùåííîñòü                            │ëþêñ            ëê     lx    

│Èíôðàêðàñíîå èçëó÷åíèå                  │âàòò            Âò           

                                                            2     2  

│Ïëîòíîñòü ïîòîêà ýíåðãèè (èíôðàêðàñíîå  │âàòò íà         │Âò/ì   │W/m   

│èçëó÷åíèå)                              │êâàäðàòíûé ìåòð │             

                                                            2     2  

│Óëüòðàôèîëåòîâîå èçëó÷åíèå              │âàòò íà         Âò   │W/m   

│(ïëîòíîñòü ïîòîêà)                      │êâàäðàòíûé ìåòð │             

│Ïîãëîùåííàÿ äîçà èçëó÷åíèÿ              │ãðåé            │Ãð     Gv    

│(äîçà èçëó÷åíèÿ)                                                     

│Ýêñïîçèöèîííàÿ äîçà ðåíòãåíîâñêîãî è    │êóëîí íà        │Êë/êã  │c/kg  

│ãàììà-èçëó÷åíèÿ                         │êèëîãðàìì                    

│Êîëè÷åñòâî ýëåêòðè÷åñòâà                │êóëîí           │Ê      │c     

│(ýëåêòðè÷åñêèé çàðÿä)                                                

│Ýëåêòðè÷åñêîå íàïðÿæåíèå, ýëåêòðè÷åñêèé │âîëüò           │      │V     

│ïîòåíöèàë, ðàçíîñòü ýëåêòðè÷åñêèõ                                    

│ïîòåíöèàëîâ, ýëåêòðîäâèæóùàÿ ñèëà                                    

│Íàïðÿæåííîñòü ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî ïîëÿ,      │âîëüò íà ìåòð   │    │V/m   

│ýëåêòðîñòàòè÷åñêîå ïîëå                                              

│Ìàãíèòíàÿ èíäóêöèÿ                      │òåñëà           │Ò      │T     

│(ïîñòîÿííîå ìàãíèòíîå ïîëå)                                          

│Íàïðÿæåííîñòü ìàãíèòíîãî ïîëÿ           │àìïåð íà ìåòð   │À    │A/m   

│(ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíîå ïîëå 60 êãÓ - 300 öÃÓ)│                             

│Ìàãíèòíûé ïîòîê                         │âåáåð           Âá     Wb    

│Ýëåêòðè÷åñêîå ñîïðîòèâëåíèå             │Îì              Îì           

│Ýëåêòðè÷åñêàÿ ïðîâîäèìîñòü              │Ñèìåíñ          Ñì     │S     

                                                            2        

│Ïëîòíîñòü ýíåðãèè (ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíîå ïîëå│âàòò íà         │Âò/ì         

│300 ìÃÓ - 300 ÃÃó)                      │êâàäðàòíûé ìåòð │             

│Ýíåðãèÿ, ðàáîòà, êîëè÷åñòâî òåïëîòû,    │äæîóëü          Äæ     │U     

│ýíåðãèÿ èîíèçèðóþùåãî èçëó÷åíèÿ                                      

└────────────────────────────────────────┴────────────────┴───────┴───────┘

 

3. Åäèíèöû, íå âõîäÿùèå â ÑÈ

 

3.1. Âíåñèñòåìíûå åäèíèöû, äîïóñêàåìûå ê ïðèìåíåíèþ íàðàâíå ñ åäèíèöàìè ÑÈ, ïðèâåäåíû â òàáë. 4.

 

Òàáëèöà 4

 

ÂÍÅÑÈÑÒÅÌÍÛÅ ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ, ÄÎÏÓÑÊÀÅÌÛÅ Ê ÏÐÈÌÅÍÅÍÈÞ

ÍÀÐÀÂÍÅ Ñ ÅÄÈÍÈÖÀÌÈ ÑÈ

 

┌────────────┬──────────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────┐

│Íàèìåíîâàíèå│             Åäèíèöà                     Ïðèìå÷àíèå       

  âåëè÷èíû  ├────────┬────────────────┬────────┤                        

            íàèìåíî-  îáîçíà÷åíèå   ñîîòíî- │                        

            âàíèå   ├────────┬───────┤øåíèå ñ │                        

                    ìåæäóíà-ðóññêîå│åäèíèöåé                        

                    │ðîäíîå         │ÑÈ                               

├────────────┼────────┼────────┼───────┼────────┼─────────────────────────┤

                                     3                             

│Ìàññà       │òîííà   │t       │ò      │10  kg                          

│Âðåìÿ       │ìèíóòà  min     │ìèí.   │60 s    │Äîïóñêàåòñÿ òàêæå       

            │÷àñ     │h       │÷      │3600 s  │ïðèìåíÿòü äðóãèå åäèíèöû,│

            │ñóòêè   │d       ñóò.   │86400 s │ïîëó÷èâøèå øèðîêîå      

                                           │ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå: íàïð., 

                                           │íåäåëÿ, ìåñÿö, ãîä, âåê, │

                                           │òûñÿ÷åëåòèå è ò.ï.      

                                     -3  3 │                        

│Îáúåì,      │ëèòð    │l       │ë      │10   m  │1. Íå ðåêîìåíäóåòñÿ     

│âìåñòèìîñòü │                               │ïðèìåíÿòü ïðè òî÷íûõ    

                                           èçìåðåíèÿõ.             

                                           │2. Ïðè âîçìîæíîñòè      

                                           │ñìåøåíèÿ îáîçíà÷åíèÿ l ñ

                                           │öèôðîé I, äîïóñêàåòñÿ   

                                           │îáîçíà÷åíèå ltr         

└────────────┴────────┴────────┴───────┴────────┴─────────────────────────┘

 

Ïðèìå÷àíèå. Ïðèâåäåííûå åäèíèöû âðåìåíè íå äîïóñêàåòñÿ ïðèìåíÿòü ñ ïðèñòàâêàìè.

 

Òàáëèöà 5

 

ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ, ÂÐÅÌÅÍÍÎ ÄÎÏÓÑÊÀÅÌÛÅ Ê ÏÐÈÌÅÍÅÍÈÞ

È ÏÎÄËÅÆÀÙÈÅ ÈÇÚßÒÈÞ

 

┌────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┬────────────┐

      Âåëè÷èíà                      Åäèíèöà                │Ñîîòíîøåíèå │

                    ├──────────────────┬───────────┬────────┤ ñ åäèíèöåé │

                                        ðóññêîå  ìåæäóíà-│ÑÈ ñ êðàòíîé│

                                                 │ðîäíîå  │ è äîëüíîé 

                                                            îò íåå  

├────────────────────┼──────────────────┼───────────┼────────┼────────────┤

         1                  2              3        4         5     

├────────────────────┼──────────────────┼───────────┼────────┼────────────┤

│Äëèíà               │àíãñòðåì          │ãðàä. À                       

│Äàâëåíèå            │áàð               áàð                           

                                            2                       

                    │êèëîãðàìì - ñèëà  │êãñ/ñì                        

                    │íà êâàäðàòíûé ñàí-│                              

                    òèìåòð (àòìîñôåðà)│                              

                    │ìèëëèìåòð âîäÿíîãî│ìì âîä. ñò.│                   

                    │ñòîëáà                                          

                                            2                       

│Íàïðÿæåíèå          │êèëîãðàìì - ñèëà  │êãñ/ìì                        

│(ìåõàíè÷åñêîå)      │íà êâàäðàòíûé                                   

                    │ìèëëèìåòð                                       

│Ðàáîòà, ýíåðãèÿ     │ýðã               ýðã                           

                                             2                      

Óäåëüíîå            │ÎÌ - êâàäðàòíûé   │Îì ò ìì /ì │                   

ýëåêòðè÷åñêîå       │ìèëëèìåòð íà ìåòð │                              

│ñîïðîòèâëåíèå                                                       

│Ìàãíèòíûé ïîòîê     │ìàêñâåëë          Èíñ                            

│Ìàãíèòíàÿ èíäóêöèÿ  │ãàóññ             Ãñ                            

Ìàãíèòîäâèæóùàÿ     │ãèëüáåðò          │Ãá                            

│ñèëà, ðàçíîñòü ìàã- │                                                

íèòíûõ ïîòåíöèàëîâ                                                  

│Íàïðÿæåííîñòü       │ýðñòåä            │Ý                             

│ìàãíèòíîãî ïîëÿ                                                     

│Êîëè÷åñòâî òåïëîòû  │êàëîðèÿ (ìåæä.)   │êàë                           

│òåðìîäèíàìè÷åñêîé                                                   

│Òåïëîòà õèìè÷åñêîé  │êàëîðèÿ           │êàë òõ                        

│ðåàêöèè             òåðìîõèìè÷åñêàÿ                                  

└────────────────────┴──────────────────┴───────────┴────────┴────────────┘

 

Ïîðÿäîê ïåðåâîäà â åäèíèöû ÑÈ ïîêàçàòåëåé,

âûðàæåííûõ â åäèíèöàõ, ïîäëåæàùèõ çàìåíå

 

Ïåðåâîä ðàíåå ïðèìåíÿâøèõñÿ åäèíèö (ñèñòåìû ÑÒÑ, ÌÒÑ, ÌÊÊÑÑ è äð.) â åäèíèöû ÑÈ äîëæåí ïðîèçâîäèòüñÿ ñ ñîõðàíåíèåì òî÷íîñòè ïðåæíåãî çíà÷åíèÿ âåëè÷èíû. Ïðè ýòîì óìíîæàþò ÷èñëîâîå çíà÷åíèå âåëè÷èíû â ïðåæíèõ åäèíèöàõ íà êîýôôèöèåíò ïåðåñ÷åòà. Êîýôôèöèåíò ïåðåñ÷åòà - ýòî ÷èñëî, ïîëó÷àåìîå îò äåëåíèÿ íîâîé âåëè÷èíû íà ñòàðóþ. Ñîîòâåòñòâåííî ïðè ïåðåâîäå íîâûõ åäèíèö â ïðåæíèå íåîáõîäèìî ÷èñëîâîå çíà÷åíèå âåëè÷èíû.

 òàáëèöå 6 ïðèâåäåíû íåêîòîðûå åäèíèöû ñèñòåìû ÑÒÑ è èõ ïåðåâîä â åäèíèöû ÑÈ.

 

Òàáëèöà 6

 

ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ ÑÈÑÒÅÌÛ ÑÒÑ È ÈÕ ÏÅÐÅÂÎÄ Â ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ ÑÈ

 

┌────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────┬────────────────────┐

      Âåëè÷èíà                Åäèíèöà ÑÒÑ          │Ïåðåâîä â åäèíèöû ÑÈ│

                    ├───────────────────┬───────────┤                   

                       íàèìåíîâàíèå    │îáîçíà÷åíèå│                   

├────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┼────────────────────┤

         1                   2              3              4         

├────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┼────────────────────┤

                                         2            -4  2          

│Ïëîùàäü             │êâàäðàòíûé         ñì         │1:10   ì           

                    │ñàíòèìåòð                                        

                                                        -3           

│Ìàññà               │ãðàìì              ã          │1 õ 10   êã        

                                         3              -6  3        

│Îáúåì               │êóáè÷åñêèé         ñì         │1 õ 10   ì         

                    │ñàíòèìåòð                                        

                                           3            3     3      

│Ïëîòíîñòü           │ãðàìì íà êóáè÷åñêèé│ã/ñì       │1 õ 10  êã/ì       

                    │ñàíòèìåòð                                        

                                                        -2           

│Ñêîðîñòü            │ñàíòèìåòð â ñåêóíäó│ñì       │1 õ 10   ì/ñ       

                                                        4     2      

│ßðêîñòü             │ñòèëüá             ñá         │1 õ 10  êä/ì       

                                                        4            

│Îñâåùåííîñòü        │ôîò                │-          │1 õ 10  ëê         

                                                        -4           

│Ïîãëîùåííàÿ äîçà    │ýðã íà ãðàìì       │ýðã/ã      │1 õ 10   äê/êã     

│èçëó÷åíèÿ                                                            

                                         2              -4  2        

│Êîýôôèöèåíò äèôôóçèè│êâàäðàòíûé         │ñì /ñ      │1 õ 10   ì /ñ      

                    │ñàíòèìåòð íà ñåê.                                

                                              3         -6       3   

│Ñêîðîñòü õèìè÷åñêîé │ìîëü íà êóáè÷åñêèé │ìîëü ñì /ñ │1 õ 10   ìîëü ì /ñ 

│ðåàêöèè             │ñàíòèìåòð                                        

                                                        -7           

│Ïîòîê èçëó÷åíèé     │ýðã                ýðã        │1 õ 10   ÂÒ        

                                                        7            

│Ìîùíîñòü èçëó÷åíèÿ  │ýðã â ñåêóíäó      │ýðã/ñ      │1 õ 10  Äæ         

                                                              -4     

│Ýêñïîçèöèîííàÿ äîçà │ðåíòãåí            Р         │2,57976 õ 10   Êë/êã│

│ðåíòãåíîâñêîãî è                                                     

│ãàììà-èçëó÷åíèÿ                                                      

│Ýêâèâàëåíòíàÿ äîçà  │áýð                áýð      │0,01 Âò/êã         

│èçëó÷åíèÿ                                                            

│Ìîùíîñòü ïîãëîùåííîé│ðàä â ñåê.         │ðàä/ñ      │0,01 Âò/êã         

│äîçû                                                                 

                                                        4            

│Ýëåêòðè÷åñêîå íàïðÿ-│-                  │-          │1 õ 10            

æåíèå, ýëåêòðè÷åñêèé│                                                  

│ïîòåíöèàë, ðàçíîñòü │                                                 

│ýëåêòðè÷åñêèõ                                                        

│ïîòåíöèàëîâ                                                          

                                                               4     

│Íàïðÿæåííîñòü       │-                  │-          │2,997825 õ 10   

│ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî ïîëÿ │                                                 

                                                        -4           

│Ìàãíèòíàÿ èíäóêöèÿ  Ãàóñî              Ãñ         │1 õ 10   Òë        

                                                        -8           

│Ìàãíèòíûé ïîòîê     │Ìàêñ.              │-          │1 õ 10   Âá         

                                                              11     

Ýëåêòðè÷åñêîå       │-                  │-          │8,98755 õ 10   ÎÌ  

│ñîïðîòèâëåíèå                                                        

                                                              -10    

│Êîëè÷åñòâî          │-                  │-          │3,33564 õ 10    êë 

│ýëåêòðè÷åñòâà,                                                       

│ýëåêòðè÷åñêèé çàðÿä │                                                 

│Òåïëîòà, êîëè÷åñòâî │êàë.               êàë        │4,2 Äæ             

│òåïëîòû                                                              

└────────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────┴────────────────────┘

 

4. Äåñÿòè÷íûå êðàòíûå è äîëüíûå åäèíèöû, à òàêæå èõ íàèìåíîâàíèÿ è îáîçíà÷åíèÿ ñëåäóåò îáðàçîâûâàòü ñ ïîìîùüþ ìíîæèòåëåé è ïðèñòàâîê, ïðèâåäåííûõ â òàáë. 7.

 

Òàáëèöà 7

 

ÌÍÎÆÈÒÅËÈ È ÏÐÈÑÒÀÂÊÈ ÄËß ÎÁÐÀÇÎÂÀÍÈß

ÄÅÑßÒÈ×ÍÛÕ ÊÐÀÒÍÛÕ È ÄÎËÜÍÛÕ ÅÄÈÍÈÖ, À ÒÀÊÆÅ

ÈÕ ÍÀÈÌÅÍÎÂÀÍÈÉ È ÎÁÎÇÍÀ×ÅÍÈÉ

 

┌───────────────────┬────────────────────┬───────────────────────┐

     Ìíîæèòåëü          Ïðèñòàâêà      │ Îáîçíà÷åíèå ïðèñòàâêè │

                                       ├───────────┬───────────┤

                                         ðóññê.      ìåæä.  

├───────────────────┼────────────────────┼───────────┼───────────┤

  12                                                        

│10                 òåðà                │Ò                     

  9                                                         

│10                 ãèãà                │à                   

  6                                                         

│10                 │ìåãà                │Ì                    

  3                                                         

│10                 │êèëî                ê                    

  2                                                         

│10                 ãåêòî               │ã                    

  1                                                         

│10                 │äåêà                │äà                   

                   │äåöè                                     

                   ñàíòè                                    

                   ìèëëè                                    

                   │ìèêðî                                    

                   │íàíî                                     

                   │ïèêî                                     

└───────────────────┴────────────────────┴───────────┴───────────┘

 

Ïðèñîåäèíåíèå ê íàèìåíîâàíèþ åäèíèöû äâóõ èëè áîëåå ïðèñòàâîê ïîäðÿä íå äîïóñêàåòñÿ.

5. Åäèíèöû âåëè÷èí, ïðèìåíÿåìûå â ñàíèòàðíî-ýïèäåìèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ó÷ðåæäåíèÿõ è èçìåíèâøèåñÿ â ñâÿçè ñ ââåäåíèåì ÑÒ ÑÝ 1052-78 "Ìåòðîëîãèÿ. Åäèíèöû ôèçè÷åñêèõ âåëè÷èí", ïðèâåäåíû â òàáë. 8.

 

Òàáëèöà 8

 

ÈÇÌÅÍÈÂØÈÅÑß ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ ÂÅËÈ×ÈÍ, ÏÐÈÌÅÍßÅÌÛÅ

 ÑÀÍÈÒÀÐÍÎ-ÝÏÈÄÅÌÈÎËÎÃÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ Ó×ÐÅÆÄÅÍÈßÕ,  ÑÂßÇÈ

Ñ ÂÂÅÄÅÍÈÅÌ ÑÒ ÑÝÂ 1052-78 "ÌÅÒÐÎËÎÃÈß.

ÅÄÈÍÈÖÛ ÔÈÇÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ ÂÅËÈ×ÈÍ"

 

┌───────────────────────┬────────────────────────┬────────────────────────┐

  Îáëàñòü èçìåðåíèÿ,       Åäèíèöû âåëè÷èí,    │ Åäèíèöû âåëè÷èí, ïðèì. │

     èññëåäîâàíèÿ      │ïðèìåíÿåìûå äî ââåäåíèÿ │  â ñâÿçè ñ ââåäåíèåì  

                           ñò. ÑÝÂ 1052-78         ñò. ÑÝÂ 1052-78    

                       ├────────────┬───────────┼────────────┬───────────┤

                       íàèìåíîâàíèå│îáîçíà÷åíèå│íàèìåíîâàíèå│îáîçíà÷åíèå

├───────────────────────┼────────────┼───────────┼────────────┼───────────┤

           1                2           3          4           5    

├───────────────────────┼────────────┼───────────┼────────────┼───────────┤

                                                               3    

│Ñîäåðæàíèå õèìè÷åñêèõ  │ìèëëèãðàìì  │ìã/ë       │ìèëëèãðàìì  │ìã/äì     

│âåùåñòâ â âîäå         │íà ëèòð                │íà äåöèìåòð │          

                                              │â êóáå                

│Àòìîñôåðíîå äàâëåíèå   │ìèëëèìåòð   ìì ðò. ñò. │ïàñêàëü     │Ïà        

                       │ðòóòíîãî                                     

                       │ñòîëáà                                        

│Îïðåäåëåíèå êàëîðèé-   │êàëîðèÿ     │êàë <*>    │äæîóëü      │Äæ        

íîñòè ïèùåâûõ ïðîäóêòîâ│                                             

                                         2                    2     

│Èíòåíñèâíîñòü òåïëîâîãî│êèëîêàëîðèé │êêàë/ì ÷   │äæîóëü íà   │Äæ/ì ÷    

│îáëó÷åíèÿ              │íà ìåòð â   │<*>        │ìåòð â                

                       │êâàäðàòå â             │êâàäðàòå â            

                       │òå÷åíèå ÷àñà│           │òå÷åíèå ÷àñà│          

│Ïîñòîÿííîå ìàãíèòíîå   │ýðñòåä      │Ý          │Àìïåð íà    │À/ì Ò     

│ïîëå. Íàïðÿæåííîñòü                           │ìåòð òåñëà            

│ïîëÿ. Ìàãíèòíàÿ                                                     

│èíäóêöèÿ                                                            

                                        2                     2     

│Óðîâåíü                │ìýð íà êâ. ì│ìýð/ì      │Âàòò íà     │Âò/ì      

│óëüòðàôèîëåòîâîé                              │êâàäðàòíûé            

│îáëó÷åííîñòè                                  │ìåòð                  

│Äîçà âíåøíåãî è        │áýð â ãîä   │áýð/ãîä <*>│Äæîóëü íà   Äæ/êã     

│âíóòðåííåãî îáëó÷åíèÿ                         │êèëîãðàìì â │-----     

│÷åëîâåêà (áèîëîãè÷åñêèé│                       │ãîä         ãîä      

│ýêâèâàëåíò ðåíòãåíà â                                               

│ãîä)                                                                

│Òûñÿ÷íàÿ áèîëîãè÷åñêîãî│ìèëëè áýð â │ì áýð/÷àñ  │Äæîóëü íà   │Äæ/êã     

│ýêâèâàëåíòà ðåíòãåíà â │÷àñ         │<*>        │êèëîãðàìì â │-----     

│÷àñ                                           ÷àñ         │ ÷àñ      

│Èíòåíñèâíîñòü          │ðåíòãåí â   ð/÷ <*>    │êóëîí íà    │Êë õ êã   

│ðàäèàöèîííîãî èçëó÷åíèÿ│÷àñ                    │êèëîãðàìì             

                       ìèëëèðåíòãåí│ìð/÷ <*>   │êóëîí íà    │Êë õ êã   

                       │â ÷àñ                  │êèëîãðàìì              

│Ðàäèàöèîííîå èçëó÷åíèå │ìèëëèðàä â  │ìðàä/ãîä   │âàòò íà     Âò õ êã   

                       │ãîä         │<*>        │êèëîãðàìì             

                                                              3     

│Ðàäèîàêòèâíîñòü        │êþðè íà ëèòð│êþðè/ë <*> │îáðàòíàÿ    │ñ/äì      

│ðàñòâîðà, âîçäóõà,                            │ñåêóíäà íà            

│ïèùåâûõ ïðîäóêòîâ, òåëà│                       │äåöèìåòð â            

│÷åëîâåêà                                      êóáå                  

                       ìèëëèêþðè íà│ìê êþðè/ã  îáðàòíàÿ    │ñ/êã      

                       │ãðàìì       │<*>        │ñåêóíäà íà            

                                              │êèëîãðàìì             

                                       2                    3  2    

│Ðàñõîä ðàñòâîðà äëÿ    ìèëëèëèòð íà│ìë       │ñàíòèìåòð   │ñì /ì     

│îáåççàðàæèâàíèÿ        │êâ. ìåòð               │êóáè÷åñêèé            

│ïîâåðõíîñòåé                                 │íà êâàäðàò- │          

                                              íûé ìåòð              

└───────────────────────┴────────────┴───────────┴────────────┴───────────┘

 

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<*> Åäèíèöû, âðåìåííî äîïóñêàåìûå ê ïðèìåíåíèþ.

 

 

 


 
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